tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-16855188578737901472024-02-19T10:27:48.197-05:00UMD Arboretum and Botanical GardenThis blog is authored by the staff of the University of Maryland Arboretum and Botanical Garden in College Park, MD and associated guest authors.UMD Arboretum and Botanical Garden, Blogger Administratorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14812984440289687010noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-84589644231268671372022-11-15T12:32:00.125-05:002022-12-07T14:44:14.342-05:00Employee Spotlight: Joseph Cook, Jr.<h1 style="text-align: left;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhPT8EuQyABq6xuc83dNZo_lK7Gr6zp3mr6XY8foaaBq-HYDoxSPCZ1d-P0kgn0jlMqJQ__SYWTuOc44qnjwdsN4kBNEyIsuWWN7xYi816DpeqJFyyBomc0byyVSVfAcR8TjlnpeqedJg00oyJlMOHKYWT9xbhexRePcKHEEEueFs5oiDv8X0h-SQYYMQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhPT8EuQyABq6xuc83dNZo_lK7Gr6zp3mr6XY8foaaBq-HYDoxSPCZ1d-P0kgn0jlMqJQ__SYWTuOc44qnjwdsN4kBNEyIsuWWN7xYi816DpeqJFyyBomc0byyVSVfAcR8TjlnpeqedJg00oyJlMOHKYWT9xbhexRePcKHEEEueFs5oiDv8X0h-SQYYMQ=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></div></div></h1><h3 style="text-align: center;">Joseph Cook Jr.</h3><div>Joseph Cook Jr., known to many simply as Joe, no last name needed as everyone knew who you were referring to, will be retiring from the Arboretum and Landscape Services division of Facilities Management in December, 2022. Joe has been a valuable member of the campus community for many years, starting in September 1971, when he started working for 5 years for the Research Greenhouses as a part time student employee, before he graduated with a degree in horticulture. Joe received a partial scholarship and participated in a work study program. Joe is currently a manager in the Arboretum and Landscape Services division of Facilities Management.</div><div><br /></div><div>After Joe graduated from the University of Maryland, he started full time on May 17, 1976, as a groundskeeper for the University of Maryland Grounds Department, which was part of the Physical Plant at that time. Facilities Management did not exist yet. His first day was memorable to him as he spent the day on his knees pulling weeds in a landscape bed in front of Denton Dining Hall. By the end of the week, his feet were throbbing and he could barely walk as he had purchased some cheap dime store boots that were made out of plastic. His supervisor 'Duke' told him 'Son, let me tell you something. The most important thing you can have is a good pair of boots as you have to walk a lot.' Joe went out and bought himself a good pair of construction boots. Later, 'Duke' would go on to be a mentor and like a father to Joe.</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe's time as a student employee spent in the greenhouse is where he got introduced to horticulture. Originally, his major was as a landscape architecture student. Tom Blessington, the manager of the greenhouse, taught Joe a lot. Joe met a lot of the horticulture professors through working at the greenhouse. He became in charge of weekend watering in his second year there and spent 16 hours each weekend taking care of his duties.</div><div><br /></div><div>Soon after Joe started for Grounds, he became in charge of the mowing crew. As he was doing his duties around campus, one young lady in particular stood out and caught his attention. He kept running into her a number of times across campus. Joe eventually stopped his mower and asked her what her name was and got her telephone number. They were casual friends for a period of time as she had a boyfriend at the time. Eventually, Joe got a call from this young lady to attend a family gathering. Joe's early comment to a coworker, before that he even met this young lady turned out to be prophetic. He told his coworker 'James, I am going to marry that girl one day.'</div><div><br /></div><div>The first version of the giant floral M in the center of a roundabout on Campus Drive had just been completed when Joe arrived and he helped with the planting of it.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYarH_Zwe9gTQJkHFlSERmJ63Z1fSWQwrf6unUH6l5RKkysbLVqE0qZKg_wAX3a2GywUCFz8O8AErH2vqoFSK9ZtLkanzjEuN2Dk8o3UnYdZNGfWIY_WtSDx19ooYIRR431f_RVyuCa3v0iYzWIzCjl8Ayn7s1Xk6xfbUN1Q_J_r_89dVtlmokSE3g8g/s875/20221103_095639%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="875" data-original-width="584" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYarH_Zwe9gTQJkHFlSERmJ63Z1fSWQwrf6unUH6l5RKkysbLVqE0qZKg_wAX3a2GywUCFz8O8AErH2vqoFSK9ZtLkanzjEuN2Dk8o3UnYdZNGfWIY_WtSDx19ooYIRR431f_RVyuCa3v0iYzWIzCjl8Ayn7s1Xk6xfbUN1Q_J_r_89dVtlmokSE3g8g/w429-h640/20221103_095639%2002.jpg" width="429" /></a></div><div>Joe is the young man in the lower right with the big smile!</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-f-4szlhe9HkB8HXYWwG4WVss2WR44QCcJoIT2l1mKTjPyCgHpJZRvp8sM8NrgUkC7PauM9NB5CUXwTW5GrJaVVlKzSAYvPruz0WRd1s8OlIjblecMh6cO-jJOABZX876ByNDKEdIcYkL93k1z-0JM_vcL2C5u_qLAvKKQfej2GAw6tHkDAxuBL8Rbw/s1175/20221103_095847%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="879" data-original-width="1175" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-f-4szlhe9HkB8HXYWwG4WVss2WR44QCcJoIT2l1mKTjPyCgHpJZRvp8sM8NrgUkC7PauM9NB5CUXwTW5GrJaVVlKzSAYvPruz0WRd1s8OlIjblecMh6cO-jJOABZX876ByNDKEdIcYkL93k1z-0JM_vcL2C5u_qLAvKKQfej2GAw6tHkDAxuBL8Rbw/w640-h478/20221103_095847%2002.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>Joe is in the upper part of the photo and is the gentleman standing in the lowest part of the V on top of the M.</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhssCmvoXJcgwvLiD538t0X0to8qDgkqXA53rz_Vz7yNGvNrlY4GvAE5__NPUKVrDkckO8lA7oR6QbfmVLM2L4MZhenLiWFI6IhQLyNhqPwRQMZA-hKPQxbwSWobrG71KkzkNO7S8u_eS5b_P9pfbEfO8xQBqcfCy-j_KES1RCYEyDQpJw1zySadfx1hA/s4002/Joe%20in%20front%20of%20the%20M,%2011.14.22%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2134" data-original-width="4002" height="342" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhssCmvoXJcgwvLiD538t0X0to8qDgkqXA53rz_Vz7yNGvNrlY4GvAE5__NPUKVrDkckO8lA7oR6QbfmVLM2L4MZhenLiWFI6IhQLyNhqPwRQMZA-hKPQxbwSWobrG71KkzkNO7S8u_eS5b_P9pfbEfO8xQBqcfCy-j_KES1RCYEyDQpJw1zySadfx1hA/w640-h342/Joe%20in%20front%20of%20the%20M,%2011.14.22%2002.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>Joe chose by fate almost the same location in respect to the M that he chose in the group photo taken some 40 years earlier.</div><div><br /></div><div>In the fall of 1979, Joe helped plant 300 oaks about 2 inch caliper (12-14 feet tall) on campus. Morris Landes (Peewee) used a Gradall excavator to dig the holes. Joe was on the backfill crew. They removed the top part of both the burlap and wire basket before filling in the hole. They made a watering saucer before another crew came along to stake the trees. Many of those oak trees were used in the allees of Willow Oaks planted on either side of the upper half of McKeldin Mall, the half closest to McKeldin Library. The lower half of McKeldin Mall, the half closest to the Administration Building had been planted much earlier and already had well established Willow Oaks growing there. Joe was part of a very well coordinated and efficient team and Joe is rightly still very proud of being part of this project. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUq0oisP9nqI1vv3maec68kepT3NSN9YVADNyJA47N2wfzoclwnMpXBCmJJkeT9U0ipJEmw2JB5A4cJPp7eyrHA9oRMLB-mNA-uHP39TzlWBt5KRU_edJARgN5RYxwq8g24qUPjSY6mcQCP5ZFTkqbHdJd85CuDq69rgzKHwFktJ9M9f0VxNjfm7ovfw/s4032/Joe%20with%20Willow%20Oaks%20at%20McKeldin%20Mall,%2011.14.22.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUq0oisP9nqI1vv3maec68kepT3NSN9YVADNyJA47N2wfzoclwnMpXBCmJJkeT9U0ipJEmw2JB5A4cJPp7eyrHA9oRMLB-mNA-uHP39TzlWBt5KRU_edJARgN5RYxwq8g24qUPjSY6mcQCP5ZFTkqbHdJd85CuDq69rgzKHwFktJ9M9f0VxNjfm7ovfw/w640-h480/Joe%20with%20Willow%20Oaks%20at%20McKeldin%20Mall,%2011.14.22.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>This is one of the first trees that Joe planted on the above mentioned project on the upper part of McKeldin Mall. The trees on either side of the sidewalk in the above photo that seem to march off into infinity on the left were all planted by Joe.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPHblF0poA1tswTbpE2SLJi0A0vXZTVIwUatgkudGzP8cBgJKZLz-CAfsMZivsqvwqMJakAsf1ck7e25xQv5luaSdfRybkDBqI9cgBO8G76yez0QyhM_mdipCEx1lb2bW1qR5TmsBsXS57L42oS5wKNzlNerDe85fDByavBfxhvzXH24cNdiJHWoT_yA/s4032/Joe%20Cook%20With%20Large%20Willow%20Oak%20on%20McKeldin%20Mall,%2011.17.22.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPHblF0poA1tswTbpE2SLJi0A0vXZTVIwUatgkudGzP8cBgJKZLz-CAfsMZivsqvwqMJakAsf1ck7e25xQv5luaSdfRybkDBqI9cgBO8G76yez0QyhM_mdipCEx1lb2bW1qR5TmsBsXS57L42oS5wKNzlNerDe85fDByavBfxhvzXH24cNdiJHWoT_yA/w640-h480/Joe%20Cook%20With%20Large%20Willow%20Oak%20on%20McKeldin%20Mall,%2011.17.22.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>Above is a size comparison of Joe and one of those Willow Oak trees he planted in the fall of 1979.</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgeKI6HP_YVI5XQC_goWkkoKueQ92ZwWxX5m0vaErbynM7iuypjH1HI_Z4Br9k5fBnabzsYjIZY5PmfGOhzOfyVx3ZD81JVOSMWrRF0kOrM9uQQNEUI6Md_w3wA-IW1bKjOxdcfsUyzn7XpzCUsG51e5o5CC_r7U6I_gtP8X-8RxGoTcEEbuWKswkDuaw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgeKI6HP_YVI5XQC_goWkkoKueQ92ZwWxX5m0vaErbynM7iuypjH1HI_Z4Br9k5fBnabzsYjIZY5PmfGOhzOfyVx3ZD81JVOSMWrRF0kOrM9uQQNEUI6Md_w3wA-IW1bKjOxdcfsUyzn7XpzCUsG51e5o5CC_r7U6I_gtP8X-8RxGoTcEEbuWKswkDuaw=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></div>Joe pointed out the location of the first tree planted in the McKeldin Mall planting project in the fall of 1979 and the direction in that they moved after planting that first tree. Unfortunately, that first tree died and has been replaced with a smaller tree.</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgIbMU7qfV47T3bPHNPEeJnEowSxP6S9q9J_XfZVqdphwjJMeqPs3W0Gx_qOimxSoke1-4tCdjM8824uPhisGLP1BhrZqjUzC6fIDGLDUbT4Q59QejoyYFuvxCLv27-td84Fwhj4GBZZDkSnfRwR_VFK55ujHdobSJSwJJRAckgNJZGTW2agUXL5MSQDg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="998" data-original-width="1330" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgIbMU7qfV47T3bPHNPEeJnEowSxP6S9q9J_XfZVqdphwjJMeqPs3W0Gx_qOimxSoke1-4tCdjM8824uPhisGLP1BhrZqjUzC6fIDGLDUbT4Q59QejoyYFuvxCLv27-td84Fwhj4GBZZDkSnfRwR_VFK55ujHdobSJSwJJRAckgNJZGTW2agUXL5MSQDg=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;">Joe also helped plant the Columnar English Oak trees in front of the Chemical & Nuclear Engineering Building. They were a lot smaller when he planted them!</div></div></div><div><br /></div><div>When Joe first started working for Grounds, it was located in the basement of the Service Building under Work Control, now known as the Customer Service Center on the east side of US 1 highway. There were two ramps at one time to access this area. The head of Grounds was Charles Kehoe, the brother of the Athletic Director, James Kehoe.</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe is thankful to mentors such as Jerome Sellers (Duke), the manager of the North side of campus, Dick White, James Adams, the top tree guy and Tom Blessington from the Research Greenhouses. Duke became a good friend over 25 years and taught Joe patience, vision, tree identification and how to plant them. Every experience that Joe had at the university taught him something.</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe mentioned that he met a lot of people over the years at the University of Maryland and made a lot of friendships. He really enjoyed his time here and likes the fact he was able to work in an educational environment.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho1Ew4ZgagWGbTb623vdnBRNVJj5_0p73a3YGsqKCAfAVx2vCYtxXMUDnQE0zG6UTStXOg1b33f9DGvwV_Vv-bqDvtSyyU_BWw4wjhSoK2-Aq9F61XT_foQs3D2RiTBrCGlo9A1wIGSRoYytd8ZK6oxsAn4Q_xLAfHPF1Ooe-Y8q-0GIi438Iu8BClHA/s708/SKM_C36822111709430_Page_2%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="493" data-original-width="708" height="446" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho1Ew4ZgagWGbTb623vdnBRNVJj5_0p73a3YGsqKCAfAVx2vCYtxXMUDnQE0zG6UTStXOg1b33f9DGvwV_Vv-bqDvtSyyU_BWw4wjhSoK2-Aq9F61XT_foQs3D2RiTBrCGlo9A1wIGSRoYytd8ZK6oxsAn4Q_xLAfHPF1Ooe-Y8q-0GIi438Iu8BClHA/w640-h446/SKM_C36822111709430_Page_2%2002.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>Joe cleaning up the snow in parking lot CC by the Manufacturing Building on Regents Drive an unknown number of years ago. unknown photographer</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhgJ7UpHKQOc8XIyglY_As-EeBeXnJymGnNGSEuBGe1k-NCFfDFks-jT9yhlibsMqOwbVDCXkmPrDIPBjUljse-HYfheDpEAhCLmkWk3LkiNXdAJVBdA_Iz-LcGchcGuIeCBkIsUSSqLia3XjWvgJvBU5hAuxMUqr6AM7snX8iwWyVda5_xwQB0uARqqg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhgJ7UpHKQOc8XIyglY_As-EeBeXnJymGnNGSEuBGe1k-NCFfDFks-jT9yhlibsMqOwbVDCXkmPrDIPBjUljse-HYfheDpEAhCLmkWk3LkiNXdAJVBdA_Iz-LcGchcGuIeCBkIsUSSqLia3XjWvgJvBU5hAuxMUqr6AM7snX8iwWyVda5_xwQB0uARqqg=w480-h640" width="480" /></a></div>This Cherry tree, first planted around Christmas time many years ago in a newly completed brick planter built by Grounds/Landscape Services masons has special significance to Joe. He has a special memory and story about its installation. Ask him about it! It is located at the intersection of Regents Drive and Fieldhouse Drive in front of the Toll Physics Building. </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTVQhNv9FH_ZfhsdTgGx6BA8IRQYIetu0Vf5aAnTkhs77g76zlomqUeoiTMCopbKia9OsuRVU0538qijKB36q7kqa-bbUmho4rxCDyFc6ix-eFZDLxrWfSBBBxl38ykqBRv_OU5awGwYXEXe4xstf-G9IgkUOT3K60qiwC9nSA8YvTq6DNf2N1JVPN3g/s2870/Joe%20Cook%20dancing%20at%20an%20employee%20Christmas%20Party%20in%20perhaps%20the%20early%2080s,%2003.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1984" data-original-width="2870" height="442" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTVQhNv9FH_ZfhsdTgGx6BA8IRQYIetu0Vf5aAnTkhs77g76zlomqUeoiTMCopbKia9OsuRVU0538qijKB36q7kqa-bbUmho4rxCDyFc6ix-eFZDLxrWfSBBBxl38ykqBRv_OU5awGwYXEXe4xstf-G9IgkUOT3K60qiwC9nSA8YvTq6DNf2N1JVPN3g/w640-h442/Joe%20Cook%20dancing%20at%20an%20employee%20Christmas%20Party%20in%20perhaps%20the%20early%2080s,%2003.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>The above photo is of Joe engaged in some well mannered frivolity, dancing, in his younger years at a Physical Plant (the precursor to Facilities Management) catered Christmas/holiday party in the South Dining Hall. Beer was served by the university at this time at the party; however, Joe does not drink and did not need any beer to loosen up and have fun! The two ladies in the background were timekeepers from payroll. One of them was Sue Elliot. It was a much smaller group at that point in time and had more of a family touch as people knew each other much better. unknown photographer</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHiL3DC4BvpJDNBzHa8LQ35lZV7jF91prI_NUJgE2LGnGKP-gnjtcmDezn6oTvfB4syCALqNetbLFKYB-KlMusAhZJa8NhShVIdLLExVHGsblHMvs1h9eTk36WeHe4AeH-IqycIbz31nPVVXTBR-EX63u4uRqddYWLK8FORm5MMFMM0qBBmbQUm37qdw/s4120/President%20Kirwan,%20Joe%20Cook,%20and%20Frank%20Brewer%2003.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2934" data-original-width="4120" height="456" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHiL3DC4BvpJDNBzHa8LQ35lZV7jF91prI_NUJgE2LGnGKP-gnjtcmDezn6oTvfB4syCALqNetbLFKYB-KlMusAhZJa8NhShVIdLLExVHGsblHMvs1h9eTk36WeHe4AeH-IqycIbz31nPVVXTBR-EX63u4uRqddYWLK8FORm5MMFMM0qBBmbQUm37qdw/w640-h456/President%20Kirwan,%20Joe%20Cook,%20and%20Frank%20Brewer%2003.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>The above photo is of, from left to right, President William E. Kirwan; Joseph Cook, Jr.; and Frank Brewer at an award ceremony where Joe was the recipient of an award. unknown photographer</div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8ZEToRJ5C7t3YLvviSl7cYgnTayZ9DVZ1GvkcAZ0p_hZX_36sGYb0Q_VR995bT7YE_XBdiu0Uacr8KgY2VuhRLr-XwFNOY2D6rlO133wE84WT_sM-sxKJUzKnpqx471rN7EZWeRqMlyjEGRQNQB5dC4ca3pOG9zw1n5-yxquK4FOUkqfk1lOjJjrwyw/s4046/President%20Dan%20Mote,%20Joe%20Cook%20and%20Harry%20Teabout%2003.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2925" data-original-width="4046" height="462" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8ZEToRJ5C7t3YLvviSl7cYgnTayZ9DVZ1GvkcAZ0p_hZX_36sGYb0Q_VR995bT7YE_XBdiu0Uacr8KgY2VuhRLr-XwFNOY2D6rlO133wE84WT_sM-sxKJUzKnpqx471rN7EZWeRqMlyjEGRQNQB5dC4ca3pOG9zw1n5-yxquK4FOUkqfk1lOjJjrwyw/w640-h462/President%20Dan%20Mote,%20Joe%20Cook%20and%20Harry%20Teabout%2003.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>The above photo is of, from left to right, President C.D. 'Dan' Mote, Jr.; Joseph Cook, Jr.; and Harry Teabout, Sr. at an award ceremony where Joe was the recipient of an award. unknown photographer</div></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1JJfqBDoF4wR-cC5sML8IrLxAWllzfOB9hjq4ai1eXEv64LyM9OpAIY99ottrSstTDbKG0Ai5oItC7ZNcXbC-gFM-eJ4nHgME3HjIM1StIsfR12AmMjwCTC7VbtLDdnTU7RGHwy1qhbYppfSeZmOg3uHS0QYt1DxhuqZU8fvm8gaEyuYkGTgqdP7VIQ/s6226/Joe%20Cook%20and%20Harry%20Teabout%2003.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4108" data-original-width="6226" height="422" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1JJfqBDoF4wR-cC5sML8IrLxAWllzfOB9hjq4ai1eXEv64LyM9OpAIY99ottrSstTDbKG0Ai5oItC7ZNcXbC-gFM-eJ4nHgME3HjIM1StIsfR12AmMjwCTC7VbtLDdnTU7RGHwy1qhbYppfSeZmOg3uHS0QYt1DxhuqZU8fvm8gaEyuYkGTgqdP7VIQ/w640-h422/Joe%20Cook%20and%20Harry%20Teabout%2003.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>The above photo is of, from left to right, Joseph Cook, Jr. and Harry Teabout, Sr. at an award ceremony where Joe was the recipient of an award. unknown photographer</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGg7BW1bruzWVl43exX-CIBgphuWQ5LFL7XYBSEmm-VweidfOUoWDpcKvJeB-QHexwaPkA9upwa0F76FIUmlBhZbMj85epMRnklI19zRhTKfXZjyIng0l5VExrABih6QhSev4BXIcTG7n1DohBy-7malfSdDwtePHIflWa8fL5O-1SNqMhaF-ngRYiNw/s1208/SKM_C36822111709430_Page_1n%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1193" data-original-width="1208" height="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGg7BW1bruzWVl43exX-CIBgphuWQ5LFL7XYBSEmm-VweidfOUoWDpcKvJeB-QHexwaPkA9upwa0F76FIUmlBhZbMj85epMRnklI19zRhTKfXZjyIng0l5VExrABih6QhSev4BXIcTG7n1DohBy-7malfSdDwtePHIflWa8fL5O-1SNqMhaF-ngRYiNw/w640-h632/SKM_C36822111709430_Page_1n%2002.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div>The above photo was taken on Maryland Day, 2022. President Pines stopped by to thank the group for their hard work. Left to right: President Darryll J. Pines; Joseph Cook, Jr.; Clifton Sutton, Marcus Lisier and Edward F. Williams, Jr. unknown photographer</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe Cook has known Edward F. William, Jr., an assistant manager with Arboretum and Landscape Services from the time that Ed was still a kid. They have worked together over 35 years. 'In all of those 35 years, you couldn't have asked for a better person to work for than Joe Cook according to Ed. He stated that Joe has always been a laid back supervisor and very personable. According to Ed, Joe has always had an interest in planting trees. </div><div><br /></div><div>In 1988, there was a Veterans Day storm with high winds that took down many trees around campus and left trees and limbs covering roads and walks. Ed said that Joe gave him and others a quick crash course in driving John Deere tractors so they could clear the roads and sidewalks.</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe taught Ed how to plant balled and burlapped trees. The first trees that Ed planted were 3 Crabapples along Campus Drive in the Hornbake Plaza area. Those 3 Crabapples turned out to be Apple trees.</div><div><br /></div><div>Joe helped Ed look at things from a different angle. Joe taught Ed how to be a true manager, how to manage people. He told Ed 'Don't be afraid to give people assignments!' Joe taught Ed how to manage on an even keel. Ed is grateful for having someone like Joe mentor him.</div><div><br /></div><div>Richard Jones, our campus arborist, stated that 'Joe has always been very calm and in good humor. He has been a great living history resource. He can point out things that no longer exist on campus.'</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhUn4_e7YVKzDsMRrOaU0iNzC9UV6X9la2ykGee_OBfstLefqNqSkPBky-bqXX2V3nPEglSGD0_OeYQ6zEerYNgyCfJ84LxVu66NPbLeW9RRVBQaxkeH7hb3uJduWIccru1FnDVl-hPNjJA7XKlJbk6QW_UQUbstqKIeih3Ut3LHSuTUk7UBWBkcLDZJw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img data-original-height="903" data-original-width="1204" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhUn4_e7YVKzDsMRrOaU0iNzC9UV6X9la2ykGee_OBfstLefqNqSkPBky-bqXX2V3nPEglSGD0_OeYQ6zEerYNgyCfJ84LxVu66NPbLeW9RRVBQaxkeH7hb3uJduWIccru1FnDVl-hPNjJA7XKlJbk6QW_UQUbstqKIeih3Ut3LHSuTUk7UBWBkcLDZJw=w640-h480" width="640" /></a></div>University of Maryland Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer, Carlo Colella congratulated Joe on his retirement and thanked Joe for his many years of service on December 12, 2022 at the President's Holiday Open House on December 12, 2022. </div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgsUDuWC3X2tJ5jMO6oL4Jssx-i5xn3e0tSyCJ_6sABLLKcb8AqFYkpC4UEFmlCd9gimEieJ0fX3BJGtWLOw6DugwNDMxMsABUBAPpQq7OeJ_6uN3DO4LCCD6f7WHFTESDIt3WsdKTsiLvcyznbOzDH2lYqiRHGTNhQ29Wl3dHel1P1-21UkC1FxJiQeA" style="font-size: 32px; font-weight: 700; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="866" data-original-width="650" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgsUDuWC3X2tJ5jMO6oL4Jssx-i5xn3e0tSyCJ_6sABLLKcb8AqFYkpC4UEFmlCd9gimEieJ0fX3BJGtWLOw6DugwNDMxMsABUBAPpQq7OeJ_6uN3DO4LCCD6f7WHFTESDIt3WsdKTsiLvcyznbOzDH2lYqiRHGTNhQ29Wl3dHel1P1-21UkC1FxJiQeA=w480-h640" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This closeup photo of Joe was taken at the main gate to the University off of US1 Highway, often referred to as North Gate. I wanted to cut the adjacent tree down so there would not be tree shadows on Joe's face; however, the campus arborist would not let me do that.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcUENDEgTsODSfr1uMUSwufmqSc0q2kVxxGOrTgfvHtQLqZNjNfruLc9j0x-865fJ-W88E2ad1ChdSCynHozn1RQmH9dul4TL9Rt9g9b63_raciVMtaX8mKPQyNrifKXgb3ucREgGahKGQwvdRZm6RHoE-YbsSJmc4aNuJr2WZmkngsMt5wYzZmfvR1g/s1359/Family%20Photo%20no.%203,%20125.22%2002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="926" data-original-width="1359" height="436" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcUENDEgTsODSfr1uMUSwufmqSc0q2kVxxGOrTgfvHtQLqZNjNfruLc9j0x-865fJ-W88E2ad1ChdSCynHozn1RQmH9dul4TL9Rt9g9b63_raciVMtaX8mKPQyNrifKXgb3ucREgGahKGQwvdRZm6RHoE-YbsSJmc4aNuJr2WZmkngsMt5wYzZmfvR1g/w640-h436/Family%20Photo%20no.%203,%20125.22%2002.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Above is a photo of Joe's family including his wife Turnetta on the sofa, children and grandchildren. Joe stated 'Who would have thought that while creating a beautiful landscape for the University of Maryland that he would meet a young lady that would later become his wife and together they would create a beautiful landscape for life.' </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">We are very grateful for Joe's hard work, wisdom and humor over the years! He has earned a wonderful retirement. Thank you Joe!</div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-45355026538213921042020-01-15T16:54:00.000-05:002020-01-16T09:50:04.951-05:00<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Employee Spotlight</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9A7dYH7OHEoDhAla9xNW0Xl1E7ndfXAPphFvGSXEEbE2c69JFhQ8y31kiMWzTUvaHp4F8POIoEK_WPgF8RLki4QeK5Ne8Q89a2efOyb8_kTb1eoWI1mZSTxyKPBDr7vMv1HM41CSVdcEm/s1600/Penny+Abby+1.15.20+13.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1402" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9A7dYH7OHEoDhAla9xNW0Xl1E7ndfXAPphFvGSXEEbE2c69JFhQ8y31kiMWzTUvaHp4F8POIoEK_WPgF8RLki4QeK5Ne8Q89a2efOyb8_kTb1eoWI1mZSTxyKPBDr7vMv1HM41CSVdcEm/s640/Penny+Abby+1.15.20+13.jpg" width="560" /></a></div>
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Penny Abbey, Landscape Tech Supervisor, with the University of Maryland Landscape Services will be retiring on January 31, 2020. Penny started her career at UMD in May, 1989 under the guidance of Jack Andrews, a maintenance chief for Grounds Maintenance as Landscape Services was called back in the day, in an entry level position known as a series 40 Groundskeeper.<br />
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Penny grew up in Point Pleasant, New Jersey about 1 mile from the ocean in the famous 'Garden State'. She has always loved flowers and had an African Violet collection in high school. Her last year of high school, Penny worked for a company that raised and sold flowers and produce at a farm stand. Guessing that she might have raised some of the world famous <a href="https://breeding.rutgers.edu/tomatoes/">'Jersey Tomatoes'</a> developed by Rutgers University. Once I used very large, ripe tomatoes from a farm stand near Salem, New Jersey to make a wonderful tomato soup that I have never been able to replicate! Possibly because I never had the opportunity to get inexpensive, fully ripened New Jersey Tomatoes again.<br />
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Penny worked at a photo lab among other places before moving to this area to be closer to her family and getting her position at the University of Maryland. Penny has enjoyed the variety of different people that she has been able to work with over the years at UMD as well as being able to work with many different kinds of flowers. Penny has enjoyed having the opportunity to learn about the difference in backgrounds of a diverse group of coworkers and how that they may think differently than her, because of their unique backgrounds.<br />
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When asked as to what was her favorite plant, Penny did not hesitate to state 'Tulips'! That did not come as surprise to me as I have observed some magnificent plantings of tulips by Penny and her crew in the years that I have been here. See photos below! Penny introduced the use of <a href="https://www.colorblends.com/">Colorblends</a> Tulip mixes to campus, long before that I and many others started working at UMD. The spring bulb blends by this company were and still are amazing! Penny first introduced the use of these tulips in a groundcover bed with a sculpture near a west entrance to the Chemistry Building, when that she was under the direction of Skip (Dwight Crutchfield).<br />
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Bird watching is a hobby of Penny that has led to a number of trips to destinations where that the primary goal was to be able to watch birds. She is a big fan of foreign films. She is interested in literature discussing the Holocaust and has a small library of books on the subject. Penny is an ardent supporter of animal rights.<br />
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Advice for home gardeners? 'Patience is a virtue' comes to mind for Penny as a number of good plants need to be nurtured.<br />
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Advice to young people? 'Money isn't everything; take care of your body and expand your mind' is sage advice from Penny.<br />
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Who influenced her the most positively over the years at Landscape Services? Penny would like to give special thanks to Joseph Cook, Jr, Manager at UMD Arboretum and Landscape Services, for being a mentor, life coach, great boss and a wonderful human being.<br />
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Penny wishes the best of luck to all of those coworkers that remain behind after her retirement. Please stop by and say goodby to Penny before her last day on January 31, 2020. The University of Maryland will be missing a wealth of knowledge and creativity when Penny retires as she is a very talented horticulturist!<br />
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Penny's most intensely managed area with gardens in recent years has been at the entrance to the Child Youth Center (CYC). The traffic circle in front has seen many changes over the years as Penny likes to try new plants there. <br />
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Below are some photos taken on April 16th, 2014 of a spectacular planting of tulips in front of Jull Hall that Penny ordered for her and her crew to install the previous fall. There have been many other such exciting bulb plantings over the years by Penny and her crew in multiple locations around campus such as at the Child Youth Center, LaPlata Beach, the Health and Human Performance Building, the University Farm, the former Presidents Home before the new University House was installed etc.<br />
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Another inspirational planting that Penny designed was of late spring/early summer blooming Alliums (more than 1 cultivar) weaving between and emerging at the edge of Maiden Grass (Miscanthesis sinensis) in the parking lot island bed in front of the Child Youth Center. The below photos were taken on May 23, 2013.<br />
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Below are photos taken by an unknown photographer earlier in Penny's career, sometime prior to 2006.<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-26886555585173687362017-01-27T07:38:00.000-05:002017-01-27T07:38:59.095-05:00lessons learned....As a professional gardener, I try to walk as carefully on this glorious blue sphere as possible, but sometimes, even the best intentions are proven to be misguided. My friend Sam Bahr asked me to share an painful lesson I learned this past growing season, something that I gladly share so that others do not make the same mistake. Here is the story I wrote for Smithsonian Gardens Blog.<br />
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Ongoing education……….. <br />
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Back in September I wrote a blog post for Smithsonian Gardens about how excited I was by the bounty of monarch Butterflies inhabiting the Mary Livingston Ripley Garden. It was so enchanting to see the quantity of Monarchs in all stages of life – there were adults flitting from flower to flower; there were lots of caterpillars happily munching away on Asclepias curassavica, a tropical milkweed that I had allowed to self-sow abundantly in the garden; and for those keen eyed enough, there were glorious jade colored Chrysalis in abundance. <br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz-yn1gKicYiJEqGO7DOl0y44E1p9dzZgoQId3tJjwfKDLis-wLbdstPESvdihFXnV1l71Z1VAuh-G2wM311QLG0d1ci3OcPBP2dJT-_LGExLLDS_3hOiLjGhQmus_qtPctBxuD6L44xM/s1600/IMG_2655.JPG" imageanchor="1" ><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz-yn1gKicYiJEqGO7DOl0y44E1p9dzZgoQId3tJjwfKDLis-wLbdstPESvdihFXnV1l71Z1VAuh-G2wM311QLG0d1ci3OcPBP2dJT-_LGExLLDS_3hOiLjGhQmus_qtPctBxuD6L44xM/s320/IMG_2655.JPG" width="240" height="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0BV9LmLU3gDMPNnOa8ccuyKXVT9aYx79fBLfRyydkdc3IpVUdvhx7kmQ11GL9DQwYHs9n5elU9hU-IqG2nfkaNQ2DKccYf30MgLh1JBR7Ve0ae7ccqFJap7yeSVqCDHYPUs55Xqssvxo/s1600/3Y1A6431.JPG" imageanchor="1" ><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0BV9LmLU3gDMPNnOa8ccuyKXVT9aYx79fBLfRyydkdc3IpVUdvhx7kmQ11GL9DQwYHs9n5elU9hU-IqG2nfkaNQ2DKccYf30MgLh1JBR7Ve0ae7ccqFJap7yeSVqCDHYPUs55Xqssvxo/s320/3Y1A6431.JPG" width="320" height="298" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZfhjydneDSgpIuMRUpFrOQEICno1FJWcCU_NgHELT_fQHdW92ghUstdjSlC0ziYx8CnV_f8kpGMddn3lC2DKUOrevOPFWtigBlcpv6wJEQpX9-01gNN232J26i-DadLrtzPKKM1JO260/s1600/IMG_2650.JPG" imageanchor="1" ><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZfhjydneDSgpIuMRUpFrOQEICno1FJWcCU_NgHELT_fQHdW92ghUstdjSlC0ziYx8CnV_f8kpGMddn3lC2DKUOrevOPFWtigBlcpv6wJEQpX9-01gNN232J26i-DadLrtzPKKM1JO260/s320/IMG_2650.JPG" width="240" height="320" /></a><br />
It was AMAZING!! But as September changed to October, I started to get a bit nervous about those wee caterpillars and remaining chrysalis. I started checking daily to see if they were pupating and getting out of Dodge. If you remember, Monarchs do not survive here in the DC metro region during the winter. They must migrate south to Mexico. There are populations that remain at the southern tip of Florida, and warm parts of Southern California, however the populations here on the East coast start gathering in September and make the arduous journey together. But my Monarchs seemed to have no clue that they should be doing anything of the sort. They were enjoying the unseasonably warm days, and feasting on the abundance of nectar and new growth on the tropical Milkweed. I was starting to seriously worry. And my concerns were unfortunately confirmed. <br />
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Alfonso Alonso, a Monarch specialist with the National Zoo, came for a visit and shared quite a bit of information with me which made me realize how much damage a single well- meaning gardener can do. <br />
First off, Alfonso confirmed that yes, my Monarchs were not even thinking of packing for the trip south. Rather than packing up to leave, they were settling in – Alfonso pointed out numerous small caterpillars in NOVEMBER… these guys have no chance of making the migration. <br />
Why would they? They had a gravy train of their favorite food—apparently the tropical milkweed, Asclepias curassavica I was growing is irresistible to them, something like chocolate for me. They were not leaving as long as it was still there and flourishing. So I immediately started yanking the tropical milkweeds – and much to my surprise an adult was following me with my cart full of yanked blooming plants. I assumed she just wanted a final sip of glorious nectar – but no – SHE WAS LAYING EGGS! IN NOVEMBER!! Yikes! I really had confused her by growing the tropical milkweed. <br />
Alfonso suggested that if I wanted to still grow the tropical milkweeds, I need to cut them back early in September to give the butterflies a reminder that it was time to pack. Sounds easy, but since they would be in full glorious bloom, it would be really hard to do. Perhaps I could bring myself to do that, but would all of my visitors have the same toughness? Would they remember when to yank it? Probably not. As a public gardener, Asclepias curassavica has moved to my DO NOT GROW list. That part of the lesson from Alfonso wasn’t so bad, but he wasn’t done yet. <br />
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Next he shared with me information about Ophryocystis elektroscirrha or OE. This is a single celled organism that is an insidious parasite for the Monarchs. OE was first described over 20 years ago and is thought to have evolved along with the Monarch. However, now that more and more Monarchs are being hand reared in large concentrations and then released to the wild, the parasite is wreaking havoc on the fragile monarch population. <br />
Ok – here is the jist of it: OE is a protozoan parasite which begins its life cycle as an inactive spore which needs to be eaten by the caterpillar larvae. Once eaten, the spore begins to multiply and then when the caterpillar reaches the pupal stage (chrysalis) these spores are on that butterflies’ scales when it emerges. The insidious cycle continues when the spores are transferred by the adult when laying eggs or feeding on milkweed, where the spores will be consumed by new caterpillars. EEK! But what makes the tropical milkweed so nefarious is because it continues to grow in warm areas, numerous lifecycles of butterflies will feed on the same plant—the older the plant, the more time OE has had to buildup populations. <br />
So what is so bad about the Monarch’s having this alien being growing inside of them? well, just like many diseases, a small dose will not have a major effect, however in larger doses, the caterpillar may not have the strength to pupate, or not be able to properly emerge, or even those that ‘make it out alive’ may be so weakened that they do not have the strength to make the journey to Mexico. <br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwTUFtdnfYjvw5GPwhr9J6tJ23ROuAR0e-SNONQ0Q3ocskqUxVg9HBJ960BlERXJAnAIaDuBzh7jcPsisJdms3onRDrfQBy2POfYIoxq_IfnlXPo1VCd3SxVa1LjL68u0QUmLYotDgV-M/s1600/IMG_2759.JPG" imageanchor="1" ><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwTUFtdnfYjvw5GPwhr9J6tJ23ROuAR0e-SNONQ0Q3ocskqUxVg9HBJ960BlERXJAnAIaDuBzh7jcPsisJdms3onRDrfQBy2POfYIoxq_IfnlXPo1VCd3SxVa1LjL68u0QUmLYotDgV-M/s320/IMG_2759.JPG" width="320" height="240" /></a><br />
These are a few of the Chrysalis I harvested from the Ripley Garden, November 2. Most are showing signs of OE infection. Alfonso recommended that I collect and destroy these so that the OE spores would not continue to build up in the garden. <br />
It is heartbreaking isn’t it? Mother Nature is a fragile thing, and we gardeners can unknowingly wreak havoc on what we hold so dear. So, going forward, my lesson learned is to continue to grow as many milkweeds as possible – but only those that know to die back in the fall so that I am not tempting anyone to stick around for the winter nor harbor nasty alien beings! <br />
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Janet Draper<br />
Horticulturist for Mary Livingston Ripley Garden <br />
Smithsonian Gardens<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>janethttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17002853498617631174noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-26341402004885767302016-12-08T19:40:00.000-05:002016-12-14T16:00:56.165-05:00One Biota<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">“The black </span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18pt;">prairie</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"> was built by the
prairie plants, a hundred distinctive species of grasses, herbs, and shrubs, by
the prairie fungi, insects, and bacteria; by the prairie mammals and birds, all
interlocked in one humming community of co-operations and competitions, </span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18pt;">one biota.</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 26pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">This biota through ten thousand years of
living and dying, burning and growing, preying and fleeing, freezing and
thawing, built that dark and bloody ground we call </span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18pt;">prairie</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">.”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Aldo Leopold , <u>A Sand County Almanac</u></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Yes, Leopold got it right.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is only one biota.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He coined this phrase in reference to the
formation of what we call prairie. But I think we can extrapolate the phrase to
global significance. Think about it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All
life is connected.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All life is dependent
on things like carbon, water, sunlight, nutrients, rocks, soil, temperature,
oxygen , etc.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One life form performs
functions in the ecosystem needed by other living organisms in the system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Consider the simple connections like plants
capturing the energy of sunlight in photosynthesis and then making that energy
available to animals and humans for life support, while at the same time these
same plants are releasing the oxygen needed by these same animals and humans.
And the animals in turn release the carbon dioxide needed by the plants. That
is a very intimate life connection – so do you see what I mean when I say there
is only one biota?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What about the bacteria
and fungi in the soil that decompose complicated molecular compounds and
release nutrients to plants for life support or those very important bacteria
that cooperate with leguminous plant roots to take the nutrient
we call nitrogen right out of the air we all breathe?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Very few organisms on earth could survive
very long at all if the sun did not appear each day to supply the energy we all
need – all of us, one biota, depend on the sun- except for some microbes that
can metabolize certain molecular compounds and do not need the sun, but they
still need the air and the elements released into that air by plants and
animals and yes, rocks. They need the elements in the rocks, as we all do, to
sustain life. Yes, rocks are needed to sustain life as we know it. Again, it is
all one biota. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">So I beg you
please leave the box you live in and get outside onto a prairie or into a
woodland or into a mountain meadow or a wetland or onto the ocean and look
around and feel the life there – observe the plants, see the insects and birds,
imagine the bacteria and fungi, look for signs of animals, breathe in deeply
the air, absorb the warmth of the sun on your skin – melt a little inside your
heart – and then listen, be very, very quiet, stop thinking, set aside any
thoughts about decisions needing to be made or work needing to get done,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and listen, listen, listen. As you listen
continue to observe all the detail around you, see the life, feel the life pulsing
in the organisms around you. Do not be afraid to touch it, even lay down in it
and talk to it. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">And then you will
begin to experience the meaning of Leopold’s phrase…” </span><b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 18pt;">one biota</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">”.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">And then hopefully
you will more likely concern yourself with the practices of conservation and
preservation. Do this not only to protect the natural beauty of the life around
you, but to be a person of ultimate integrity, a person who values the
preservation of your fellow beings in this thing I refer to as one biota over
economic gain or personal ego. So often humans have been driven by these latter
two selfish motivations and such pursuits have led not only to environmental
degradations of unimaginable proportions, such as the extinction of not only
species, but entire ecosystems. It has also led to destructive wars and
genocides around the planet, and of course extreme poverty and its associated
diseases and hunger. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">And then too, maybe
all people of all races and cultures can begin to see that even among humans
there is only one biota.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We all on this
planet are all engaged in this thing called life as one biota, we are all
connected, our commonalities are by far stronger than our differences… and if
we truly desire to be humans of dignity and integrity we will join with people
of all the world to build lives of value and worth, freedom, quality, peace and
joy. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">I hope it will be
helpful to this process to remind ourselves constantly that on this planet
there is only <b>ONE BIOTA</b>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">In this context, it
becomes painfully clear why we cannot simply let what happened to a people who
called themselves the Kansa be forgotten.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They were, people, part of the one biota, living on the majestic
tallgrass prairie of a land now named for them… Kansas.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">In a short time,
from 1825 to 1873 they were almost completely wiped off the planet by the
pursuit of other people for land and <span style="font-size: xx-small;">economic gain</span>. And with them went many of the
animals and the plants of an ecosystem thousands of years in the making.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The prairie flora and fauna mostly
disappeared, only to be found in remnants. The Kansa ended up living in a land that
came to be called Oklahoma.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As members
of the one biota let us live in a way such biotic catastrophes never happen
again. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Thoughts of Glenn Thomas Fell, Emporia, Kansas. </span></div>
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Administrator's Note Below:</div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Glenn Fell, the author of the above essay and photographer of these photos is a Facebook friend of mine. I have followed his photos and informational notes on the tallgrass prairie in the Flint Hills of Eastern Kansas with great interest. I have always been fascinated by this biome since that I was a little kid, wandering the tallgrass prairies owned or rented by my father, just a little to the east of the Flint Hills in the Osage Cuestas of Eastern Kansas. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Recently, Glenn posted his essay, 'One Biota' on his Facebook page. Even though his example used is the tallgrass prairie of Eastern Kansas, there is a universal lesson to be learned from this example that can be applied to any place in the world, including Maryland. Glenn's message is an important one that I felt needs to be shared so that people have a better understanding of how people's decisions have affected our natural world and hopefully will give us pause before we make decisions that will be destructive to our natural world, which is the world that we all live in.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Although Aldo Leopold's book 'A Sand County Almanac' was written and published many years ago, it has many important observations and lessons about our natural world in it. It was assigned as required reading in one of my classes at Kansas State University many years ago. I was not thrilled when I started reading it; however, I did get hooked as I got deeper into the book and started to understand the universal message that does not change with time. I definitely recommend this book as one to add to your reading list.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Glenn Fell received his PhD from Penn State in Agronomy in 1984. Immediately following that he taught at an agricultural college in South Africa for 3 years. He also taught at Mid America Nazarene University in Olathe, Kansas for 14 years. Glenn grew up in Massachusetts. He is the regional leader for the Kansas Native Plant Society for the region encompassing the Flint Hills.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Glenn also started a non-profit organization called Jubilee Farms. The mission of Jubilee Farms is to train subsistence farmers globally in sustainable farming practices through people-centered environmentally healthy projects or partner with such programs, with the aim of ending the hunger of all children. </span><a href="http://www.jubileefarms.org/about"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://www.jubileefarms.org/about</span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">If you are interested in viewing a collection of Glenn's poems, essays and photos, you can do this by viewing his personal blog at <a data-saferedirecturl="https://www.google.com/url?hl=en&q=http://www.wapatangawilds.org&source=gmail&ust=1481832764099000&usg=AFQjCNEC-Kx7LTACVYZpAfMAA5FuKvMagA" href="http://www.wapatangawilds.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #1155cc;">www.wapatangawilds.org</span></a>. </span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">I would like to thank Glenn for allowing us to share his essay on our Blogger website.</span></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02862257872988709951noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-42286992695546468512016-08-12T11:30:00.005-04:002016-08-14T10:06:53.155-04:00UMD's H. Edward Reiley Garden - Azaleas & Rhododedrons<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Summers in Maryland have always been hot, but my 2016 summer experience took the heat to a new level. This year, I interned on campus at the UMD Arboretum and Botanical Gardens with the hard workers of Facilities Management. I have gained a deeper appreciation and respect for the work that they do to keep our campus beautiful. Some tasks that I helped with included planting, clearing, watering, installing fences and weeding. Pulling weeds was the most performed task, but as my supervisor told me, "it is a necessary evil". It may be difficult at times, but it is satisfying to see the results of your labor.<br />
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Personally, the biggest difference I made this summer was on the H. Edward Reiley Rhododendron and Azalea Garden. It was the first space I was introduced to, and it was covered in weeds. The paths were impassable and the shrubs were taken over with vines such as poison ivy (<i>Toxidendron radicans</i>), which popped up beneath the benches.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Tall and short weeds cover the back of the Reiley Garden</span></td></tr>
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This woodland garden is densely shaded, so even on a hot and humid day the space could provide some relief. Pulling weeds became meditative. After spending most of my summer in the garden, I feel attached to it and the work I have done. It was important not to feel overwhelmed by the task. With the help of an additional intern, and by taking the garden one section at a time, we were able to clear it in about a month!<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">First pile of many weeds this summer</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A freshly cleared path</td></tr>
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Repeatedly seeing and interacting with certain plants allowed me to learn about them and how to identify them. For example, blackberries, wineberries, and poison ivy all have similar leaves to the untrained eye. Subtle differences such as thorns, hairs, leaf margins, and size make identification easier.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blackberry - <i>Rubus fruticosus</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wineberry - <i>Rubus phoenicolasius</i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Poison ivy - <i>Toxidendron radicans</i></td></tr>
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After we cleared the weeds it was time to give the garden a fresh look. One morning we were faced with a four foot pile of Leyland cypress (<i>Cupressus </i>x <i>leylandii</i>) wood chips. Winds lifted the fragrance of the wood through the garden as we spent the next few weeks dumping and spreading wheelbarrows of chips.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">4' pile of Leyland cypress wood chips</td></tr>
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I truly enjoyed working in this garden. Returning it to an enjoyable and usable space makes me appreciate the privileges I have on this campus. I will certainly return to the garden during the school year. </div>
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The H. Edward Reiley Rhododendron and Azalea Garden is located next to the <a href="https://www.facilities.umd.edu/arboretum/SitePages/About/ArboretumAndBotanicalGarden.aspx">Arboretum Outreach Center</a> (156) on Stadium Drive. <a href="https://www.facilities.umd.edu/arboretum/sitepages/Support/AOCLocation.aspx">Directions</a></div>
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<a href="https://www.facilities.umd.edu/arboretum/sitepages/discover/gardens.aspx">More gardens at UMD</a></div>
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Autumn Dorsey, Student Intern 2016</div>
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<a href="https://www.psla.umd.edu/">Plant Science and Landscape Architecture</a></div>
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University of Maryland</div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08858452447563774399noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-67435849006402481332015-12-02T10:11:00.000-05:002015-12-09T14:40:09.801-05:00Where have all the insects gone?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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Have you noticed lately that there are fewer insects scampering or buzzing around the University of Maryland campus?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Do you wonder where they go when the temperatures outside begin to dip? Well, in the fascinating world of insects, they have mastered numerous methods in which to survive the cold freezing temperatures in order to thrive and return when the weather warms up. Insects will overwinter for the most part in a stage of growth best adapted to the cold temperatures; that is, adult, larva, nymph, pupa, egg or even migrate to warmer climates.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult BMSB<br />
photo UMD Entomology</td></tr>
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The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (BMSB), <i>Halyomorpha halys, </i>Order: Pentatomidae overwinter as adults. You know, those stinky pests everyone has been talking about lately. They like to hunker down through the winter months like a hibernating bear in people's homes. To find out more about this insect go to <a href="https://extension.umd.edu/hgic/invasives/brown-marmorated-stink-bug">Stink Bug</a><br />
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An insect that will overwinter in the larval stage is the Japanese beetle, <i>Popillia japonica, </i>Order: Coleoptera. The larval stage is the immature, wingless stage of an insect that does not look anything like the adult stage. The grub like larva will burrow deep into the soil where it is warmer. Go to <a href="https://extension.umd.edu/sites/default/files/_images/programs/hgic/Publications/HG78%20Japanese%20Beetle.pdf">The Japanese beetle</a> to discover more about this insect.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Adult Mayfly<br />
photo Nancy Harding, UMD</td></tr>
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Some species of mayflies; Order Ephemeroptera, will overwinter as nymphs; that is, the youth of an insect that resembles the adult more and more as it grows. There are not many insects that are active in the winter, but some mayflies will live in waters of ponds and streams, often beneath ice and feed actively all winter long to emerge in the early spring. Learn more about mayflies go to <a href="http://ohioline.osu.edu/hyg-fact/2000/pdf/2166.pdf">Mayfly fact sheet.</a><br />
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There are other insects that overwinter in the pupal stage; that is, the non-feeding, transitional stage of an insect that will emerge from its shelter in the spring as an adult. The house-fly,<i> Musca domestica, </i>Order: Diptera, is just one those insects and can overwinter under manure piles or other protective areas. Fly pupa is similar to a butterfly cocoon, it is a hard, brown shell which protects the developing fly. Learn more about <a href="https://extension.umd.edu/hgic/flies">Flies.</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://extension.umd.edu/sites/default/files/resize/_images/programs/ipmnet/Bug%2C%20assassin-wheel-egg%20mass-UMD%20IPMnet-194x249.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://extension.umd.edu/sites/default/files/resize/_images/programs/ipmnet/Bug%2C%20assassin-wheel-egg%20mass-UMD%20IPMnet-194x249.jpg" width="155" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wheel bug egg mass<br />
photo UMD-IPMnet<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Wheel bug adult<br />
photo UMD Entomology</td></tr>
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Fewer insects overwinter in the egg stage; however one such insect is the wheel bug (assassin bug) <i>Arilus cristatus, </i>Order: Hemiptera. The wheel bug eggs are laid in tight, upright clusters normally found on bark. See more about the <a href="https://extension.umd.edu/ipm/assassin-bugs-generalist-predatory-bug">Assassin bug.</a><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">NCRS photo Gene Barickman</td></tr>
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<span style="text-align: left;">In my opinion, and I think others share my opinion, the most amazing insect is the Monarch butterfly; </span><i style="text-align: left;">Danaus plexippus, </i><span style="text-align: left;">Order: Lepidoptera. A</span><span style="text-align: left;">ccording to the United States Department of Agriculture website 'the annual migration of North America's monarch butterfly is a unique and amazing phenomenon. The monarch is the only butterfly known to make a two-way migration as birds do. Unlike other butterflies that can overwinter as larvae, pupae, or even as adults in some species, monarchs cannot survive the cold winters of northern climates. Using environmental cues, the monarchs know when it is time to travel south for the winter. M</span>onarchs use a combination of air currents and thermals to travel long distances. Some fly as far as 3,000 miles to reach their winter home'. <span style="text-align: left;">Watch this video regarding the amazing </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LawHWsIqa5s" style="text-align: center;">Monarch Butterfly </a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LawHWsIqa5s" style="text-align: center;">migration</a><br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07894978872964957633noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-24696153933322927812015-11-13T06:56:00.000-05:002015-11-13T12:35:46.829-05:00The Frederick Douglass Garden<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">This statue of a young Frederick Douglass, portraying him in his twenties, is the focal point of the new Frederic Douglass Garden on Hornbake Plaza in front of Hornbake Library.</td></tr>
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The Frederick Douglass Garden, our newest garden on campus, will be dedicated next week on Wednesday, November 18 at 2 p.m. This garden and statue honors Frederick Douglass, a national hero and native of the state of Maryland. It is located on Hornbake Plaza in front of the Hornbake Library. Douglass was an abolitionist and gifted orator that believed in social justice. <br />
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Wallace D. Loh, President of the University of Maryland sent out this invitation to the dedication to our community this week:<br />
<br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]-->November 10, 2015 <br />
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Dear University of Maryland community,<br />
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If one listens carefully, one might hear the fire of the great abolitionist and orator Frederick Douglass crackling outside of Hornbake Library. A towering bronze statue has been installed on the plaza and Douglass Square will be formally dedicated next week. <br />
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Etched there in stone and metal, Douglass’ soaring words echo more than a century after his death.<br />
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“It is easier to build strong children than to repair broken men.”<br />
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The statue catches Douglass in mid-sentence. <br />
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“In a composite nation like ours, there should be no rich, no poor, no high, no low, no white, no black, but common…citizenship, equal rights, and a composite destiny.”<br />
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Born a slave near Easton, Maryland, Frederick Douglass probably never set foot on this campus. Now, he stands here, in the state’s flagship university, as an enduring role model for social justice and the transformative power of education—values that are at the core of our institution's mission. <br />
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“Once you learn to read you will ever be free.”<br />
<br />
The vision for this contemplative and inspiring installation began several years ago with Distinguished University Professor of History Ira Berlin. I want to thank him and a faculty/staff committee. They labored and fundraised for five years to bring this magnificent project to fruition. <br />
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The statue was cast in Ireland and shipped here. It is a replica of the one erected there in Douglass’ honor. He spent two years in Ireland and Britain where, he said, he felt treated "not as a color, but as a man." <br />
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Funding comes from private gifts, UMD Foundation funds, and grants from the Maryland Commission on African American History and Culture and the Maryland Historical Trust.<br />
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Douglass lived in many places, but now he has come home to Maryland.<br />
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“I am a Marylander and love Maryland and her people.”<br />
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You are invited to the official dedication of Frederick Douglass Square on Wednesday, November 18, at 2 p.m. Expected to be in attendance as honored guests will be both his great-great granddaughter and great-great-great grandson.<o:p></o:p><br />
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Sincerely,<br />
<br />
Wallace D. Loh<br />
President, University of Maryland<br />
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The University of Maryland's student run paper, The Diamond Back, has some great articles that tell about the development of this memorial to Frederick Douglass.<br />
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<a href="http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-unveils-frederick-douglass-statue-on-hornbake-plaza/article_f18ca2e0-8663-11e5-89e4-f7d73edfd9bb.html">http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-unveils-frederick-douglass-statue-on-hornbake-plaza/article_f18ca2e0-8663-11e5-89e4-f7d73edfd9bb.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-finalizes-construction-for-frederick-douglass-square/article_bf7232d0-568d-11e5-85d6-93e0dd932c8a.html">http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-finalizes-construction-for-frederick-douglass-square/article_bf7232d0-568d-11e5-85d6-93e0dd932c8a.html</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-to-build-memorial-honoring-frederick-douglass-in-hornbake-plaza/article_a0bbc50a-de5a-11e4-8261-ab87182238fd.html">http://www.diamondbackonline.com/news/umd-to-build-memorial-honoring-frederick-douglass-in-hornbake-plaza/article_a0bbc50a-de5a-11e4-8261-ab87182238fd.html</a><br />
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Darwin Feuerstein from the UMD Facilities Design and Construction Department was the project manager for the team that designed this wonderful garden. He led the design team that included Flora Teeter and Scott Munroe, campus landscape architect.<br />
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This new garden is a roof garden that is built over the basement floor of the Hornbake Library. There are two garden size light wells that were existing features for the basement below on either side of this new garden. The depth of the soil in this garden is only 8 to 18 inches deep, which means that the plant materials for this sunny garden in an open, hot in summer plaza had to be carefully selected in order to thrive in these challenging conditions.<br />
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This small garden is a wonderful addition to our campus in my opinion. I would like to thank all who had a part in helping this garden to become a reality. Below are pictures of the Frederick Douglass Garden. I am hoping that these pictures will encourage you to visit and experience the beauty and history portrayed in this garden first hand.<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-16324642367034927572015-09-06T18:15:00.000-04:002015-10-24T10:37:53.441-04:00Wild pollinators move into their new bee habitat wall<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="line-height: 115%;">Get up close and personal with solitary bees as they begin to inhabit the 24’ earthen wall and interactive cabinet at College Park’s <a href="http://maps.umd.edu/map/index.html?xmax=-76.94610204907622&xmin=-76.95104586346815&ymax=38.992757755264115&ymin=38.990903182064336&NoWelcome=True&MapView=Detailed">Arboretum Outreach Center</a>, a tranquil garden next to Byrd Stadium. Guest artisans and I designed and built the structure this summer with the help of many hard-working volunteers. Funding for the project came from Mike Raupp ‘The Bug Guy’ as part of UMD’s nationally acclaimed outreach program. The main purpose of the bee wall is to raise public awareness of wild pollinators and to facilitate monitoring of campus bee populations.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;">Earthen pollinator wall with the Audio Bee Cabinet at UMD's Arboretum Outreach Center. Photo by Lisa Kuder.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;">Aptly named </span><i style="line-height: 115%;">Dwelling: Paint Branch Creek</i><span style="line-height: 115%;"> homage to the 17 mile long <a href="http://www.eopb.org/watershed_info/paint_branch_basics.php">Paint Branch</a> stream that flows through Prince George's County</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">, the habitat wall mirrors the curves and layered soil horizon of a meandering river bank. Vertical earthen surfaces such as these are prime real estate for many ground nesting insects</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">. If you look carefully, you will find premade holes of various sizes in each band of clay to attract different types of pollinators. Embedded in the wall is a beautiful pollinator cabinet that enables visitors to observe and listen as cavity or wood nesters provision their nests. Within just one week of completion, multiple species of bees and wasps had already started to move in.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Chopsticks were used to poke holes of various sizes in the contrasting colors of clay to attract multiple species of solitary bees and wasps. Photo credit: Sarah Peebles</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><i>Illustration of the solitary bee life cycle depicted on the Audio Bee Cabinet by Sarah Peebles with pyrography by Mary-Ann Alberga, assisted by Rob Cruichshank (electronics) and Jennifer Rong (cabinetry). Photo by Lisa Kuder.</i></span></td></tr>
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</span> <span style="line-height: 115%;">But wait a minute . . . won’t I get stung? Solitary bees and wasps are non-aggressive unlike their pesky cousins the yellow jackets. Plus, they don’t defend their nests like social bees (honey bees and bumble bees). In MD alone we’ve over 400 species, most all of which are solitary, meaning each female provides for her own offspring. Don’t be fooled by the word solitary though as many species are gregarious preferring to live in large groups. It will be exciting to see who occupies the wall and how their populations fluctuate over time. Beginning next spring, regular updates will be posted to this blog documenting colonization rates.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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</span> <span style="line-height: 115%;">What kind of bees do we expect to move into the earthen wall? Our target genus is <i><a href="http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Anthophora">Anthophora</a></i>. A</span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">ccording to the USDA g</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">round nesting species make up at least 70% of the bee population. Yet bee expert Sam Droege estimates that the actual number might be as high as 95%. While it is more common for bees to nest in horizontal sites, some genera such as <i>Anthophora</i></span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> prefer dry perpendicular surfaces. They tend to form large nesting aggregations on the face of steep cliffs, upturned tree roots, creek beds and, yes, cob structures. Maryland is home to 6 species of </span><i style="line-height: 115%;">Anthophora</i><span style="line-height: 115%;">, 2 of which are fairly common, native </span><i style="line-height: 115%;">A. abrupta</i><span style="line-height: 115%;"> and naturalized </span><i style="line-height: 115%;">A. plumipes</i><span style="line-height: 115%;">. In a modern landscape, undisturbed nesting sites for <i>Anthphora</i> and many other bees can be lacking.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">A nest aggregate of Anthophora abrupta in a local cob wall. This is one of the few species in the region that builds turrets or chimneys. Biologists believe that these additions regulate the temps of their nests. Interestingly, it has been noted that dry seasons result in shorter chimneys. Photo by Charley Eiseman.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Anthohora abrupta entering a turreted nest. These fast-flying bees resemble small bumble bees and are excellent pollinators of several valuable food crops. Males don mustaches for collecting parsnip oil to woo the females. Photo credit: USDA Scott Bauer.</i></span></td></tr>
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</span><span style="line-height: 18.4px;">Wood nesting bees make up the other 5 - 30% of the population. Rather than nesting in the ground they are drawn to soft-pithed twigs and beetle tunnels in dead trees. They will also readily use blocks of wood with man-made tunnels like those found in the wall's bee cabinet. Thanks to Plexiglass sheets, visitors can observe mason bees and blue orchard bees (Genus: <i>Osmia</i>), yellow-faced plaster bees (Genus: <i>Hylaeus</i>), <i>Megachile</i> spp. and beneficial predatory wasps line and cap natal cells with their preferred nesting materials (leaves, mud or resin). Bring a pair of earbuds so you can plug in to the solar powered amplifier and hear the fascinating noises these small, amazing creatures make while at work. </span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>An interior shot of the bee booth.Plug in your personal headphones or earbuds to listen and observe as solitary bees and wasps build their nests. When you're finished, please remember to shut the door so the residents don't bake in the sun. Photo credit: Rob Cruichshank.</i></span></td></tr>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;">A peek at some of the nesting activities taking place within the bee cabinet. Isodontia spp. commonly called grass nesting wasps are utilizing the top 2 tunnels. They are a gardener's best friend, as they help control insect pests. Each cell, comprised of a stunned cricket and an egg, is partitioned with grass. Finally, the solitary wasp caps her brood with a tuft of grass that resembles a broom. The 3rd tunnel from the top is filled with cells from a resin bee belonging to the genus Megachile. Look closely and you will see bees in the various stages of development (egg, larva, pupa and adult). Photo by Lisa Kuder.</span></i></div>
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</span> <span style="line-height: 115%;">Also of interest is the cob construction of the wall. </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cob_(material)" style="line-height: 115%;">Cob or cobb</a><span style="line-height: 115%;"> is a natural building material made of clay, sand and a fibrous organic material (typically straw). This ancient building technique is still used throughout the world and has recently experienced a revival in the U.S. as the demand for sustainable, green architecture grows. Approximately 7 tons of locally sourced materials were used to build the habitat wall. From the bottom up nearly all of the materials are repurposed; including urbanite (broken concrete) and subsoil from a campus construction project, cedar from an old playset and the corrugated roof panels made from 50% recycled fibers. River rocks salvaged from earlier construction work were used to protect the upper surface of the wall from the elements.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Local green builder Zak Kahn with a fresh batch of cob. The basic 'recipe' for cob is one part clay to one part sand. As these ingredients are mixed with a gas powered tiller, water is added until the consistency is thick but sticky. The final ingredient chopped straw increases the tensile strength of this earthen building material. Photo by Lisa Kuder.</span></i></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Undergrads from Dennis vanEngelsdorp's Bee Lab embed river rocks into the top surface of the wall to slow the natural erosion process by reflecting water from the cob. Photo by Sarah Peebles. </span></i></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%;">A bit more about the human resources: Sarah Peebles a Toronto based sound and installation artist is the originator of the audio bee cabinet part of a media outreach program called <a href="https://resonatingbodies.wordpress.com/">Resonating Bodies</a>. Engaging all of the senses enables the user to experience the secret lives of bees in a fuller more intimate way. Incorporating the cabinet into cob was a way of expanding opportunities to explore the meaning of biodiversity. Ed Raduazo, a local cob expert, was instrumental in this process by teaching the crew how to mix and build with cob using a gas powered tiller and hand tools. His passion for keeping this important building technology alive for future generations inspired all during the physically intensive work.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Ed Raduazo showing the crew how to layer cob so it doesn't sag. In the Mid-Atlantic region where humidity levels are high, only 12" or so can be added per day. Photo by Sarah Peebles.</i></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"><i><span style="font-size: small;">Sarah Peebles and volunteer Monette Bailey from UMD's Center for Leadership & Organizational Change shape the wall with wooden floaters. Photo by Lisa Kuder</span></i></td></tr>
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</span> <span style="line-height: 115%;">Additional acknowledgements . . . a thousand thanks not only to Mike, Sarah and Ed but also to student helpers from </span><a href="http://www.vanengelsdorpbeelab.com/" style="line-height: 115%;">Dennis vanEngelsdorp's Bee Lab</a><span style="line-height: 115%;">: Adam Kellermann, Byron Mariani, Mike Gladchuk, Marina Peterson and Sidharth Ganesan, and to Eric Kuder for designing and constructing the weather guard, the entire staff at the Arboretum Outreach Center especially Carin Celebuski and Michael Carmichael for their patience and support throughout the whole process, Zak Kahn for his expertise with cob construction, Capital Projects for donating urbanite and clay, LCI Recycling for donating and delivering masonry sand and to Sam Droege for introducing me to Ed and Sarah, providing occasional cob advice and creating a buzz about wild bees.</span></div>
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Please stay tuned for future updates on UMD's new habitat bee wall. In the meantime, please send any questions/comments about this project to:<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lisa Kuder</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">PhD student<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Dennis vanEngelsdorp Bee Lab<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">University of Maryland<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Entomology Department<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4112 Plant Sciences Building<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">College Park, MD 20742<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Email: <a href="mailto:lkuder@umd.edu">lkuder@umd.edu</a></span></span></div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00817846883127380497noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-26564070764825534332015-05-18T09:34:00.001-04:002015-05-19T13:56:37.692-04:00Thinking "West": A Prairie-Themed GardenLast summer, as I was working around campus with Sam Bahr, horticulturalist for the University of Maryland, I was shown various different gardens and landscapes around campus, varying in size and theme. We checked out different landscapes from Architecture and Van Munching, to Mayer Mall and Prince Frederick Hall. Along these walks, we discussed the different plants installed in landscapes as well as the concepts behind them.<br />
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My favorite garden we viewed was a very simple, yet incredibly naturalistic garden, a small planting bed behind Architecture. This garden, which is situated around a pyramid-like art piece, is intended to be prairie-themed with plants that are either native or "nativars," native plants which have been enhanced or changed in one way or another. Sam Bahr, the designer of the garden, is originally from eastern Kansas. He intended for this garden to mimic the tall grass prairies and grasslands that he was familiar with as he grew up.<br />
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In the bed, there is a mixture of prairie grass and different flowers. The grass, which was originally purple love grass, is now broom-sedge. The garden is intended to consist of a minimum of 70% grasses, and the remainder forbs. The forbs include aromatic aster(<i>Aster oblongifolius</i>), purple coneflower (<i>Echinacea purpurea</i>), lyre-leaf sage (<i>Salvia lyrata</i>), smallhead blazing star (<i>Liatris microcephala</i>), New York ironweed(<i>Vernonia noveboracensis</i>), gaura(<i>Gaura lindheimeri</i>), narrow-leaved sundrops(<i>Oenothera fruticosa</i>) and whorled coreopsis (<i>Coreopsis verticillata</i>).<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gaura blooming in early June</td></tr>
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This landscape instantly captured my heart for a multitude of reasons. Prior to even working in this garden, I noticed the way the planter didn't have any true "pattern" to how it was designed and I enjoyed this. As an urban forestry major, I enjoy naturalistic settings. When I am in a landscape, I enjoy having it be more organic and sporadic rather than being in patterns and straight lines, as that isn't how nature works. In this garden, even with the small space and architectural structure in the center, the plants themselves don't feel like they are being manipulated in one way or another to look "human made."<br />
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When I learned that Bahr had intended to make the garden to resemble the native prairies of his youth, it only made the planting that much more significant. While most planters are designed with the "thoughts" of the designer in mind, this planter went a bit further. Instead of simply putting out solely his "personal design preferences" Bahr designed the garden to be something that many people in this part of the US haven't had the opportunity to experience. It was designed with home in mind and the planting itself intends to show passersby the beauty that is the West.<br />
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Then, once I began helping maintain the planting, I actually found the maintenance not only easy, but in fact enjoyable (which is something I never thought I'd say about "weeding" and "pruning"). While there weren't a whole lot of "weeds" in the planter, as the grasses mostly shaded them out, there were hundreds upon hundreds of tiny little seedlings from the other plants in the garden. What we were doing in the garden was not necessarily clearing out all the seedlings, but picking and choosing which ones we believed should stay and go. I found this quite enjoyable as it felt like a form of art and not even work itself.<br />
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This planter, in addition to having deep sentimental value, also has multi-season features. While not much happens in the early spring, as the seasons begin to warm up, the different plants in this garden flower in varying colors and times. The lyre-leaf sage, one of the first plants to flower, has soft purple flowers. It flowers in Mid-May, as it is blooming now, and then develops lots of seeds which the goldfinches love to eat later in the season.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://fkliqq.bn1304.livefilestore.com/y2pBwccTXKvv-n90ndaFAAVF-oxF8oZagGEl-zaGkh-TVbXSDzfZYv_1r6xf_LVeIyZLyZ4A36-z081B2X7OXOOWhxSXgaCh0rNDXMKMOSLyjARn_btd0JmnBkelJE5yprZR5cpCSem-qS5MKcjtjqduIN5nxtioS6fdOMLyrdUnDU/IMAG2585.jpg?psid=1" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="color: black;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://fkliqq.bn1304.livefilestore.com/y2pBwccTXKvv-n90ndaFAAVF-oxF8oZagGEl-zaGkh-TVbXSDzfZYv_1r6xf_LVeIyZLyZ4A36-z081B2X7OXOOWhxSXgaCh0rNDXMKMOSLyjARn_btd0JmnBkelJE5yprZR5cpCSem-qS5MKcjtjqduIN5nxtioS6fdOMLyrdUnDU/IMAG2585.jpg?psid=1" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Picture of lyre-leaf sage in bloom May 15</td></tr>
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After the sage, each of the other plants bloom in turn. The purple coneflower is one of the first to start blooming; however, it is quickly succeeded by the white gaura flowers, and the vibrant yellow flowers of common sundrop. The gaura will continue to bloom all through the summer into the fall, which is when the blazing star begin to bloom.<br />
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When the weather begins to cool, the blazing star and aromatic aster bloom. These continue to bloom well past when the other plants have started to go dormant and add bright color contrast to the fall color of the broomsedge.</div>
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Even after everything has gone dormant, the garden still holds interest for people passing by as the broomsedge will stay somewhat upright even after snow collects on the flower heads. This adds a combination of simultaneous fall and winter color. </div>
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<a href="http://maryland-umd-abg.smugmug.com/Photo-Galleries-Organized-Alph/Late-March-Snow-Day-on-March-2/i-L3tG9qq/0/XL/IMG_20150320_083702-XL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://maryland-umd-abg.smugmug.com/Photo-Galleries-Organized-Alph/Late-March-Snow-Day-on-March-2/i-L3tG9qq/0/XL/IMG_20150320_083702-XL.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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In addition to this garden having multi-season interest, it is also low maintenance and ecologically beneficial. Due to the native plants in the garden, native birds, such as goldfinches, will utilize the seeds produced by the plants and not only disperse the seeds within the planting , but also spread the plants outside of the garden. The garden is also great habitat for other native plants. Just the other week, when looking over the garden, there was a new plant, a species of milkweed growing in the garden.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Milkweed plant 5/15</td></tr>
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This garden helps attract wildlife and people alike. It includes multi-season interest and benefits wildlife in the area, two thing that I find very important. These drought tolerant plants only need water when first installed, and afterwards hardly ever need to be watered. The plants bring a new type of landscape to campus and show that a landscape can be both beautiful and low maintenance. </div>
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While I won't be able to enjoy the garden for much longer, as I will be graduating this Friday, May 22, I hope that others will be able to see this beautiful landscape grow and evolve in the years to come. </div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03310763813190988946noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-15010970428605116262014-05-29T12:59:00.000-04:002014-05-30T07:40:46.406-04:00Coleus; A Plant to Brighten Up Shaded GardensLast year, I began interning on campus with the University of Maryland Arboretum/Horticultural Services and was assigned to random locations on campus. In these locations I would either help maintain plants, by watering or weeding, or manage plants, by putting them into the campus plant inventory. For the primary amount of time during the summer, I worked with inputting woody plants into the <a href="http://maps.umd.edu/map/">plant inventory database</a> (which can be accessed under the Arboretum and Botanical Garden folder in the layers tab).<br />
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However, for a short period of time, I was assigned to work with Jeff Weiser, horticulturalist, and his crew at the Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center. While there I completed various tasks including watering, feeding, weeding and pruning of plants in and around the center. One of the tasks I quickly grew to like was the maintenance of several raised planter beds in front of the center.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Planter beds at the main entrance to Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center</td></tr>
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These plant beds contained three different plants; Amur maple, sweet potato vines, and coleus. On a routine basis, I would go to this location and water the plants or prune the flowers off of the coleus in order to keep uniformity. The reason I enjoyed this task so much was due to the coleus which I was taking care of. I've always been a fan of shade gardens and cooling off from the summer heat under a large shade tree, but one problem I've always run into is finding something with nice bright vibrant colors that can tolerate the shade which I so love.<br />
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When I discovered coleus, I couldn't have been more excited. Coleus, known by the scientific name of <i>Solenostemon scutellarioides</i>, is a partial shade to full shade tropical plant commonly used in this area as a summer annual. It's greatest feature is the diverse variety of colors and shapes of the leaves in different cultivars which have been bred over the years. Coleus can vary in color from deep red and green to bright yellow and orange.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 13px; text-align: center;">Coleus 'Kingswood Torch' behind 'Margarita' sweet potato vine</td></tr>
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Coleus 'Pineapple'</div>
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'Kingswood Torch' Coleus, the plant that I was working with, is one of the<a href="http://www.organicgardening.com/learn-and-grow/coleus"> new cultivars</a> of coleus that can withstand sun and prefers full sun-partial shade. The beautiful pink, red and green foliage in the planters provided a nice colorful view for people sitting on the nearby benches. The coleus also benefits from being placed under the Amur maple, as they can tolerate shade.While the sweet potato vine, <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> 'Margarita,' flowing over the edge of the planter, benefits from being placed near the edge, as it needs a lot of sun.</div>
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Amur maple, 'Kingswood Torch' coleus and 'Margarita' sweet potato vine</div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03310763813190988946noreply@blogger.com0College Park, MD, USA38.9896967 -76.93776000000002638.9403352 -77.018441000000024 39.039058200000007 -76.857079000000027tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-67075056564951758912014-03-05T13:36:00.000-05:002014-03-05T18:13:27.871-05:00Ah, Glorious Winter!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Tawes Hall is on the left and the Benjamin Building is on the right in this view of Tawes Plaza during a snow storm on Monday, March 3, 2014. It is not often that we see such a pristine snow without footprints on our campus.</div>
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The first snow of the season is often a magical event for many, especially for those that grew up in tropical areas of the world and are experiencing their first winter storm. This frozen water coming down in tiny, unique, beautiful flakes is absolutely amazing! Even for the many of us that have grown up and lived for many years in temperate zones where that snow is common, there is still often something magical about the transformative experience of that first blanket of purest white snow as it settles over the landscape and covers everything in sight. There is something exhilarating about that first snow that is captured well in this <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9A1-fxd-hI">video</a> by Vitas Bumac, the famous Russian counter tenor singer. In the video, check out that amazing evergreen coniferous Russian forest that the superhighway cuts through in the distant background.<br />
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View of Tawes Plaza on Monday, March 3, 2014 with the Art / Sociology Building in the background and Tawes Hall on the right.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">View of Tawes Plaza on Monday, March 3, 2014 with the Art / Sociology Building in the background and Tawes Hall on the right.</td></tr>
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However, as winter progresses and you are buffeted by storm after unending storm such as in this extreme winter, the magic goes out the window for many of us and the reality of winter hazards sets in. By March, we are weary of dealing with those winter hazards and we are more than ready for spring. The phrase 'ah, glorious winter' becomes a phrase that is viewed with suspicion or sarcasm. Except of course for those few truly hardcore snow bunnies, like my friend Dr. Laura Deeter from The Ohio State University, that post their excitement of impending snow storms and then their disappointment when the snowstorm does not reach the weather forecaster's prediction. There is nothing as exhilarating as being able to teach a Woody Plant Material Lab when there is heavy snow cover on the ground in the invigorating cold of an Ohio winter. While the rest of us might not be quite as excited about deep snow as Dr. Deeter, plant materials selected for their winter beauty do give us a good reason to go outdoors in the winter, as viewing nature at its best, does seem to lift ones spirit.<br />
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'Fire Power' Heavenly Bamboo has lost far more leaves this winter than they have in previous winters as the minimum temperatures this winter have been much lower than in the previous winters. Picture taken on March 3, 2014.</div>
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'Alta' Columnar Southern Magnolia covered with snow on March 3, 2014.</div>
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The brick walls enclosing a space behind the Benjamin Building make a great feature in this winter scene with Knight Hall in the background. Picture taken during a snow storm on Monday, March 3, 2014.</div>
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Daffodils and Siberian Squill are starting to emerge through the snow between the bench and the boxwood hedge in this picture of the Benjamin Building courtyard garden taken during a snow storm on Monday, March 3, 2014.</div>
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Leatherleaf Mahonia leaves are weighted down with snow in this picture taken on Monday, March 3, 2014 after a snowstorm.</div>
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A light winter snow emphasizes the textural difference in this planting of semi-evergreen Creeping Raspberries and Broom Sedge that has been recently cut back in preparation for the emergence of new growth in the late spring. Picture taken at the Architecture Building on Monday, February 10, 2014.</div>
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Steam billows up behind the plume like seed heads of 'Pumila' Fountain Grass on Tawes Plaza on Monday, February 10, 2014.</div>
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Native Broom Sedge is the coppery colored grass that has stood up so nicely this winter in spite of repeated snows this winter in this planting of native plants that was inspired by North American prairies. This pyramid shaped sculpture and plantings are located near the Architecture Building. Picture taken on Monday, February 10, 2014.</div>
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Close up view of Broom Sedge. Picture taken on Monday, February 10, 2014.</div>
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The intensely red colored fruit of 'Winter Red' Winterberry Hollies contrast nicely with white snow. While we enjoy the fruit for their beauty in late winter, fruit eating birds such as Northern Nightingales and Cedar Waxwings enjoy them for a late winter snack when food is scarce. Picture taken on Monday, February 10, 2014 east of the Architecture Building on Mayer Mall.</div>
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'Cato' Dwarf Redtwig Dogwood available under the trademarked name Artic Sun has a color change on the twigs similar to the change in color on a flame. This planting is located to the northwest of the north wing of Van Munching Hall. Picture taken on Monday, February 10, 2014.</div>
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The above two pictures show the dried fruits of 'Donald Wyman' Crabapple, one of the most consistently highly rated crabapples for disease resistance. It is also one of the most beautiful crabapples in my opinion. Pictures taken on Monday, February 10, 2014 just west of the Architecture Building.</div>
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Those tantalizing views of spring shown on warm days between late winter or early spring snowstorms by the early blooms of Witch Hazels, Crocus, Siberian Squill and Snowdrops serve to give us a small taste of the real spring soon to come. For some of us, that is not soon enough! Having to use snow plows to clear the baseball field for practice in March just isn't right. Spring break in less than two weeks will be warmly embraced!<br />
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'Lilac Beauty' Tommasini's Crocus is starting to poke its flowers up through the Variegated Liriope groundcover in a planting in the Benjamin Building courtyard garden on February 24, 2014 on a warm day between snow storms. </div>
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An unknown cultivar of Witch Hazel, located near Rudy's Cafe at Van Munching Hall, was blooming on a warm afternoon on February 24, 2014. These tiny flowers have a very slight fragrance. The dried seed pods visible in this picture, when mature, can eject their seeds with such explosive force that the sound is sometimes mistaken for a gun shot. </div>
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This unknown cultivar of Witch Hazel located in the northeast corner of the Van Munching Hall courtyard was blooming on a warm afternoon on February 24, 2014. The fragrance of this unknown cultivar is outstanding!</div>
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This last picture taken yesterday, March 4, 2014 shows the flower of an 'Intrigue' Canna growing in the research greenhouses on campus. The pastel reddish orange flowers contrast nicely with the grayish purple flower stalk and the mostly maroon attractive foliage. It was a welcome sight to see this colorful flower after operating a skid steer loader two days this week to remove snow.<br />
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We are looking forward to trying these 'Intrigue' Cannas in a number of locations on campus this summer to see if that they may have good cold hardiness for us in protected locations on campus as the rhizomes are about about 6-8 inches deep in good soils which is deeper than most that I have seen. 'Intrigue' has good rust resistance and is so vigorous that it may be able to tolerate future potential virus infections better than less vigorous cultivars.</div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-46066078925963897772013-08-14T08:56:00.000-04:002014-02-12T07:52:25.039-05:00California Dreamin!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The large, bold, red leaves of 'Siam Ruby' Banana rise above a sea of 'Shenandoah' Switch Grass like the sails on a tall ship. These Bananas were grown this spring in the research greenhouses from small tissue culture plants received in late March. They are located in a planting bed along the front lawn at Oakland Hall. Picture taken on August 28, 2013</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This past</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> February, Ken Ingram, one of our horticulture teachers on campus mentioned to me the possibility of allowing us (the University of Maryland Arboretum and Botanical Garden) to use some of the greenhouse bench space that he had access to for the laboratory training of his greenhouse and herbaceous plant materials classes. As we do not have a greenhouse of our own, Ken immediately had my full attention and had unknowingly started a thought process in my brain that I will refer to as 'California Dreamin.'</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">While I have never had the opportunity to visit California, it is easy for a horticulturist to pick up on and notice the unusual and often lush tropical and subtropical plant materials in Facebook posts to plant groups by California gardeners or in the pictures taken in or movies filmed in southern and coastal California. What, that movie actually had actors? It is difficult for a plant nerd like myself not to lust after these tropical and subtropical beauties and experience plant envy, especially during the cold days of January and February in Maryland!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">California Dreamin has been part of the American experience for a far longer time than when John and Michelle Phillips first created their popular hit with that name. There was a gold rush among many other dreams of striking it rich in the exotic state of California; however, for many inhabitants of the southern Great Plains (Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas) of the United States, in the 1930's during the Dust Bowl years, making it to California represented hope, the hope of survival and the hope of escaping a miserable situation. PBS created an excellent special feature on the American Experience called </span><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/dustbowl/player/"><span style="font-family: Arial;">'Surviving the Dust Bowl'</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial;"> that documents this sad time. The concept of California Dreamin has meant different things to many people over the years. However, those different dreams had one thing in common, they created excitement about new possibilities!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">While growing up many years ago in Kansas, a state located in the heartland of the United States, I became very familiar with </span><span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-aK6JnyFmk" target="_blank">California Dreamin</a>, as it was a wonderful tune that our talented high school band instructor, Mr. Michael Salaway, a native of another exotic state named New Jersey, located on the opposite coast from California, picked out for us to play. This song expresses the creators, John and Michelle Phillips, longing for the warmth of California during a cold winter according to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Dreamin" target="_blank">Wikipedia</a>. At our tiny school, Gridley Rural High School, since combined into Southern Coffey County High School, about 3/4 of the students were enrolled in the combined junior high and senior high school band. Fortunately, we got to play this song a lot as many of us including myself needed a lot of practise. I was not a talented musician, but I enjoyed playing anyway, especially the trombone part for 'California Dreamin.' I can still hum my favorite portion of the trombone part some 36 years later. It isn't very often that trombone players get to play the melody, let alone such a wonderful melody as in this tune. While the voice version is nice, I like the big band version even better. Could not find the same version on You Tube that we played in band; however, this version by the <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jt8RSRUjiHk">OGO Big Band</a> has some outstanding trombone playing as well as a great flute solo that create a magical experience for me.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">My hope was that the use of the greenhouse space would allow us to do something different, to use some plants that we might not ordinarily have access to that might provide a magical moment or experience for people that work on or visit our campus. When you create landscapes with magical moments, they are uplifting to the human spirit. To me, a magical moment might be seeing the large, boldly textured and colored leaves of 'Siam Ruby' Bananas rising above a sea of 'Shenandoah' Switch Grass. Or someone smelling the wonderful fragrance of 'Zephirine Droughin' Rose, 'Summer Nocturne' Crinum Lily or Common Jasmine. Or someone seeing a tiny iridescent green ruby-throated hummingbird for the first time, hovering in midair and feeding on the incredible intense blue flowers of 'Blue Ensign' Anise-Scented Sage or Salvia, before it disappears in a flash. Many spectacular Salvias are not commonly used in our area because that they are annuals in our climate and do not bloom until late summer or early fall. It is very hard for a greenhouse or nursery to sell plants that are not in bloom when the customer buys them in the spring. Color sells! Magical moments are not just about the use of unique plant materials, they are also about carefully placing plants and other materials together in a way that a landscape sings and is uplifting. Thank you Ann Petrone! Some people refer to uplifting landscapes as sacred places.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above three pictures are of Common Jasmine (Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum). These plants were installed on Tawes Plaza and Southwest of Tawes Hall on a trellis/screen built to hide electrical utility boxes. Common Jasmine has a wonderful fragrance very early in the morning that quickly fades as the day progresses. It bloomed continually until heavy frosts arrived in early November.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Many people plant out tropical and subtropical plants for the summer in the colder temperate zones. Usually the plants die come winter in colder temperates zones, unless special precautions are taken. These precautions may include cutting back to the ground after frost kills the tops and applying an extra thick layer of mulch to insulate the rhizomes or crown area from the winter cold. Some plants do well in an unheated basement over the winter as long as it stays cool (40-50 degrees F), but does not freeze. Many plants can be simply dug up from the garden and placed in a cool basement without a need for potting them up. Very little to no watering is usually best for most of these plants when that they are dormant in a basement. Some can be cut back before placing in a basement and others it is better not to cut back. A few lucky gardeners may have a greenhouse to overwinter tropical plants. However, often insect pests can be a big problem when overwintering plants in a greenhouse. Some tropical and subtropical plants such as Crinum Lilies do not reach their full potential for flowering and/or beauty in one year from tissue culture or small mail order plants. Crinum Lilies may not bloom at all the first year from tiny mail order plants like those that we purchased. However, the size and number of shoots did increase dramatically. We will need to overwinter them in a greenhouse before we get a good return on investment in blooms from them.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">No, I was not content to limit my vision of California Dreamin to tropical and subtropical plants, I expanded my vision to include some hardy and marginally hardy plants that were not available from our local vendors. I wanted to trial some plants that I felt had good ornamental potential. Plants such as Hardy Ground Orchid (Bletilla ochracea and Bletilla striata), 'Pink China' elephant Ear (Colocasia 'Pink China'), Carolina Jasmine (Gelsemium sempervirens), Japanese or Hardy Banana (Musa basjoo), 'Thai Black' Banana (Musa 'Thai Black'), 'Mekong Giant' Hardy Banana (Musa xishuangbannaensi), Hardy Jerusalem Sage (Phlomis tuberosa), 'Belinda's Dream' Rose, 'Carefree Beauty' Rose, 'Ducher' Rose, 'Zephirine Drouhin' Rose, Arizona Blue Sage, Blue Turkish Sage and Romanian Sage.</span><br />
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The above two pictures of 'Pink China' Elephant Ear (Colocasia 'Pink China') were taken on August 28, 2013. 'Pink China' is not a large Elephant Ear; however, our source claims that it is the most cold hardy Elephant Ear and should come back next year for us with protective mulching over the winter. We will find out next summer if that it lives up to this claim. 'Pink China' seems to quickly send out runners that develope into new plants, so these widely spaced plants may be a solid mass at the end of next summer. These plants are in a planting bed along the front lawn at Oakland Hall.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">'Carefree Beauty' is a rose that I have been wanting to try for a number of years. It is a rose that is very highly rated by a number of different rose society's located in some of our nations harshest climates where that it is difficult to grow many plants. 'Carefree Beauty' is one of a number of lovely and very cold hardy roses bred by the late <a href="http://www.cad.iastate.edu/GriffithBuck.html">Dr. Griffith Buck,</a> a plant breeder at Iowa State University. </span><span style="font-family: Arial;">This website maintained by Iowa State University has a listing with pictures of a number of the <a href="http://www.cad.iastate.edu/rose1.html">Buck Roses</a>. Disease resistance was built in to Dr. Buck's breeding program as he did not have the budget to spray the plants in his program. Those roses that were disease prone died and were no longer a part of the breeding program. Dr. Buck was breeding and growing disease resistant roses, long before that the concept occurred to others. A horticulture friend from the Kansas City area has tried a number of the Buck roses and gave them a thumbs up as being great, durable roses. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">So far, the 'Carefree Beauty' Roses that we received by mail order and grew in the Research Greenhouses and then planted out on campus have far out performed a highly touted English Rose that I attempted to grow years ago and a couple of over publicized Flower Carpet roses that we removed from the Benjamin Garden because of their poor performance. My disappointment in the over rated English Rose was so great that I never grew roses for many years after that until I saw how amazing that the Knock Out series of roses were. 'Carefree Beauty' is one of the parents of the original 'Knock Out' Rose. The pink color of the 'Carefree Beauty' Roses contrasts beautifully with the electric blue color of 'Blue Ensign' Anise-Scented Sage or Salvia planted in the Benjamin Courtyard Garden.</span><br />
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The above two photos are of 'Carefree Beauty' Rose (Rosa x 'Carefree Beauty'). 'Carefree Beauty has a noticeable, attractive fragrance. 'Carefree Beauty' Roses are located in a front foundation planting at the Tawes Hall. Picture taken on August 27, 2013.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">My 'California Dreamin' started to become a reality when that administrators approved the mail order purchase of the plants that I had selected. Ken Ingram helped my pot up newly arrived mail order plants during sping break while others were in Florida or some other exotic location. Someone else has always grown the plants that I have used over the years, rather than me being the greenhouse grower, so I received quite an education this spring. Luckily, Ken and the talented folks at the Research Greenhouses helped me along the way. It was a great learning experience that provided some unusual plants for us to trial. I am still learning about these plants and hope to be able to share more information about them in the future. It won't be until next Spring that I will know if that the plants that are supposed to be winter hardy, turn out to be winter hardy as we were told etc.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Below is a scene that is far more exciting to a plant nerd like myself than when I was a kid opening presents at a family gathering. This was the largest of three different orders that we placed. It was also the most carefully wrapped. No damage in transit with this order! Clear plastic tape was used everywhere, and I do mean everywhere. It took longer to extricate the plants from all of this packing than that it took to replant them into larger pots. </span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Carolina Jasmine or Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) came with a single bloom!</td></tr>
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'Double Purple' Angel's Trumpet (Datura fastuosa 'Douple Purple' or Datura metel 'Double Purple')</div>
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The above two pictures are of 'Zephirine Drouhin' Rose (Rosa x 'Zephirine Drouhin'). I knew that I was going to love this rose as soon as I unwrapped it and the wonderful scent escaped. It seems to have a slight clean citrus scent rather than the heavy scent of other fragrant roses. The lack of thorns is another big plus.</div>
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Unpacked plants ready to go into the greenhouse to be planted in larger size pots over the next few days.</div>
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The above three pictures of 'Cypress Gardens' White Angel's Trumpet (Brugmansia x 'Cypress Gardens') were taken on August 28, 2013. The flowers quickly change to white once that they have opened and last for about 2-3 days.</div>
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The above four pictures are of 'Thai Black' Bananas (Musa 'Thai Black') that are located in the small courtyard on the east side of the Architecture Building. This is supposed to be a hardy banana for us . These pictures were taken on August 6, 2013.</div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Red Abyssinian Banana (Ensete maurelii) planted northwest of the West Chapel on August 19, 2013</span>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">'Zebrina' Blood Banana (Musa acuminata 'Zebrina') planted northwest of the West Chapel on August 19, 2013.</span></div>
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'Blue Ensign' Salvia or Sage (Salvia guaranitica 'Blue Ensign') in the Benjamin Building courtyard garden on August 27, 2013</div>
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Blue Taro or Elephant Ear (Xanthosoma violaceum) in a front foundation planting at Tawes Hall on August 27, 2013</div>
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Japanese Hardy Banana (Musa basjoo) in a front foundation planting at Tawes Hall on August 27, 2013.</div>
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This is what we hope that our clump of Japanese Hardy Bananas (Musa basjoo) at Tawes Hall will look like at the end of their third summer. It will take about three years to reach the size of this beautiful clump of Japanese Hardy Bananas at the Hahn Horticulture Garden on the campus of Virginia Tech. They have the potential to get even larger with a few additional years. Unfortunately, our growing season is too short for them to bear fruit. The small Elephant Ear plants at the base of the Bananas are 'Pink China,' the same cultivar that we grew in the greenhouse this spring that is located in one of the front lawn plantings at Oakland Hall. Picture taken on August 23, 2013.</div>
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Carolina Jasmine and Common Jasmine in the back of the pickup truck waiting to be planted on July 16, 2013.</div>
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Newly installed Carolina Jasmine and Common Jasmine planted on a trellis southwest of Tawes Hall on July 16, 2013. Existing 'Dropmore Scarlet' Honeysuckle vines were cut back to just a few inches.</div>
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Common Jasmine (Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum) Common Jasmine has a wonderful fragrance first thing in the morning. It is planted by the front door to many residences in India because of its fragrance. Most years we are expecting this plant to die back to the ground, but come back like a perennial from the crown or roots and still bloom in late summer. One of the things that I have learned about Common Jasmine is that the new growth is very brittle and breaks off easily when you try to bend it to weave it into the wire trellis. The 'Amethyst Falls' Wisteria, Carolina Jasmine and 'Dropmore Scarlet' Honeysuckle that are also planted on this trellis have proven to be much more flexible Picture taken on August 27, 2013</div>
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Carolina Jasmine or Carolina Jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) is on the right. This plant can survive a right angled crimped stem and still keep on growing past the point of the crimp, I am not sure that I know of any other plant that can do that. 'Dropmore Scarlet' Honeysuckle is the vine on the left with the rounded leaves. Picture taken on August 27, 2013</div>
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'Java White' Copper Plant (Acalypha wilkesiana 'Java White') on July 16, 2013. While not winter hardy for us, I have seen Acalypa wilkesiana in the Miami, Florida area get to be 15 feet by 15 feet. They are very tolerant of South Florida's dry, almost desert like 6 months during the winter as well as the high pH in Miami-Dade County. Unfortunately, they seem to be very susceptible to mealybugs in the greenhouse for us.</div>
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Hardy Jerusalem Sage (Phlomis tuberosa) This one is supposed to be hardy for us! It has certainly done well for us during this recent dry spell this year. Picture taken on August 28, 2013.</div>
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-22110048754791354992013-04-29T11:26:00.001-04:002013-07-12T10:24:47.481-04:00Redbuds, Adaptable and Resilient Beauties<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Forest Pansy' Redbuds add a welcome splash of spring color to the northwest corner of the Mitchell Building.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Eastern Redbuds (Cercis canadensis) are native to a far larger portion of the eastern United States than the much better known Flowering Dogwood tree. While the USDA map shows both being present in Kansas, there may be all of fifteen native Flowering Dogwoods trees growing in natural populations in Eastern Kansas (fifteen may be generous as I have never seen one growing in the wild myself in that area) while there are millions of Redbuds in Eastern Kansas that are impossible to miss. To see the vast numbers of purplish pink flowered Redbuds of Eastern Kansas come into bloom alongside of the fragrant white flowers of Sandplum thickets is to witness one of North America's most spectacular large scale floral displays. Redbuds usually grow at the edge of woods where that they receive a lot of sun and are very visible.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above six pictures are of an Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis) located East of Worcester Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Being able to thrive in extreme climates such as in Kansas means that Redbuds are much more adaptabile and resilient trees than Flowering Dogwoods. Redbuds are also able to thrive in poorer and drier soils than Flowering Dogwoods. Redbuds have the most flowers when planted in full sun; however, will grow in partial shade also. They seem to reach their maximum growth potential and maximum longevity if planted on the north side of a building, far enough out that they get full sun, but do not get reflected heat.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Have seen extreme natural variation in tree size and density of foliage within very small areas in natural populations. A few of the smaller forms are almost shrub like. Some trees can get an attractive reddish brown exfoliating bark on their trunks as they mature. Redbuds are often multi-stemmed trees in the wild and are sometimes sold in nurseries as multi-stemmed specimens. I once saw a magnificent old multi-stemmed tree in Kansas City, Kansas that had beautiful reddish brown exfoliating bark on its 15 inch plus branches. The form was very much like as if you chopped off the entire single stemmed trunk in the first picture below, leaving a broad spreading multi-stemmed tree.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">There are white flowered forms of the Eastern Redbud; however, the older and more common ones that I am aware of that are usually available in the nursery industry are from southern sources and do not have good winter hardiness in northern areas. Hoping that someone will start propagating some of the white forms from more northern sources such as the small native population of white flowered Eastern Redbuds that I saw along I-70 in Eastern Ohio a number of years ago as selections from northern sources should be more cold hardy.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">There are a number of different cultivars now of Eastern Redbud that were selected for different attributes such as weeping habits, variegated foliage, bright pink flowers etc. The multi-colored newly emerged foliage of 'Forest Pansy' Redbud is magnificent. When viewing from the under side of the leaf with the sun shining through, the leaves are primarily a beautiful intense dark red color with some bronzy yellow-green color near where that the leaf attaches to the petiole. When viewing the upper side of the leaf with sunlight being reflected from the leaf, the leaf surface appears to be a purplish red color.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above five photos are of a 'Forest Pansy' Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis 'Forest Pansy') located Northwest of the Mitchell Building.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Mexican Redbud and Texas Redbud are varieties of the Eastern Redbud. 'Oklahoma,' is a very thick, large leaved plant that is a cultivar of the Texas Redbud. There are four 'Oklahoma' Redbuds in the Chemistry Courtyard and one Eastern Redbud in the same location which makes comparison easy.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">There are Redbuds of different species in many parts of the world. One of the more commonly available non-native redbuds in our area is the Chinese Redbud (Cercis chinensis). We have a cultivar of Chinese Redbud named 'Avondale' on the East side of LeFrak Hall. Chinese Redbud is a smaller tree than the Eastern Redbud and is usually much more shrub like in appearance than are Eastern Redbuds.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above ten pictures are of 'Avondale' Chinese Redbuds (Cercis canadensis 'Avondale') located on the East side of Lefrak Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Additional information on Redbuds including different cultivars can be found by clicking on the links below to recent blog posts by horticulturists from Indiana and Ohio:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://www.imamuseum.org/blog/2013/04/26/les-belles-redbud-fleurs/">Les Belles Redbud Fleurs</a> </span><br />
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<a href="http://www.continuousinterest.com/2013/04/a-cercis-sampler.html"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Continous Interest: A Cercis Sampler</span></a><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sam Bahr, author and photographer</span></div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-43175316436461401252013-03-27T19:33:00.002-04:002013-03-27T19:33:30.091-04:00Peas on Pleasant Street?In recent decades, it used to be that vegetables only came from the store for most people. Sure, there were plenty of vegetable gardens tucked in the far corner of peoples backyards in the 1940s and 1950s; however, the number of those gardens rapidly diminished over the decades after that. Now there seems to be a resurgence of planting vegetables in ones yard to provide high quality food for America's dinner tables.<br />
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The article 'Traditional Freak Show' documents a remarkable ornamental horticulturist's decision to make a place in amongst all of those ornamental plants in his home garden for peas. Not just any peas of course! <br />
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Irvin Etienne, horticulturist at the Indianapolis Museum of Art, blogger, lecturer and national board member of the Perennial Plant Association outlines his decision and implementation in a lively and entertaining fashion in his article that you can access by clicking on the link below!<br />
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<a href="http://www.horticulture-a-go-go.com/2013/03/traditional-freak-show.html" target="_blank">Traditional Freak Show</a><br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-21274948086719870712013-03-26T16:47:00.001-04:002013-03-27T06:41:28.768-04:00Continuous Interest: Lindera, bacon, or both?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Check out this article written by my friend, Paul Kolozar, a horticulturist from Ohio. It is entertaining and the information on Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) is very appropriate for Maryland also! Paul is a great photographer and has a number of photos of Spicebush in case you are wondering what this native shrub looks like. Click on the link below to access Paul's article.<br />
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<a href="http://www.continuousinterest.com/2013/03/lindera-bacon-or-both.html?spref=bl">Continuous Interest: Lindera, bacon, or both?</a>: What's better than being married to someone who risks losing a hand to save you the last two slices of bacon from the mouths of ravenous...<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-21559622299974830722013-02-20T13:43:00.000-05:002015-02-10T08:18:31.728-05:00Winter Interest in the Landscape<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Winter brings a dramatic change to areas with primarily deciduous forest ecosystems such as here in Maryland and similar areas in temperate zones. December, January and February are considered the winter months here. Usually, the dramatic colors of fall foliage displayed by many deciduous plants are all gone by December 1, as well as most flowers. However, there are still a number of plants with various forms of winter interest that we can grow in mild temperate zones like ours. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">To me, the phrase 'Where have all the flowers gone?' used by Pete Seger in his popular folk tune of the same name, can be thought of as a metaphor for winter. Many musical artists have made their own versions of Pete's song that he wrote to the tune of a Russian folk song "Koloda Duda." Peter, Paul and Mary have possibly the most popular version; however, I like this version by Marlene Dietrich also.</span></div>
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<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQ5n6EMgPq0" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Marlene Dietrich - "Where Have All The Flowers Gone?"</span></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/6975901593/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Narcissus</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> are coming up through the dried remains of Leadwort or </span><a href="http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/b960/ceratostigma-plumbaginoides.aspx" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Plumbago</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Ceratostigma plumbaginoides) which has beautiful blue flowers in late summer and in the fall both before and sometimes as its leaves turn red in the fall. The Plumbago in this picture is a good example of the phrase 'Where have all the flowers gone?' However, its dried seed pods remain, adding a subtle interest with its unusual texture in the landscape when contrasted with the white backdrop of a shallow winter snow. Plumbago and Narcissus are a good example of a successful companion planting.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Evergreen plants whether narrow-leaved evergreens or broad-leaved evergreens are some of the more obvious plants for winter interest. They come in many different sizes with different growth rates and habits. One of the larger evergreen plants that performs well on our campus is the Deodar Cedar (Cedrus deodara). However, it is so large that it is best used on acreages or in public parks where that there is plenty of room for it to spread. We are at the northern limit of the Deodar Cedar's cold hardiness range, so it would be a good idea to select a cold hardy cultivar such as 'Shalimar' if you are considering planting Deodar Cedar in the College Park, area. This fall, we planted a related plant, Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus libani subsp. stenocoma), on the east side of the Architecture building. It is supposed to be a more narrow and more cold hardy form of Cedar of Lebanon which is more cold hardy than the Deodar Cedar shown here.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBmSzaOAh3VNQTvpVlem1JHHJNr3JgCOAqUQmW-qkJHs-yDlBo9eiOlCah2dp3q4ZwOg54GOdTX2Vsz7udYR3kTgWe7x4EuLQ3P3imXNGKapzCwGV5HEMq1Q9gwLOc_0iNvMwYaDmWMf67/s1600/DSC_0271.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBmSzaOAh3VNQTvpVlem1JHHJNr3JgCOAqUQmW-qkJHs-yDlBo9eiOlCah2dp3q4ZwOg54GOdTX2Vsz7udYR3kTgWe7x4EuLQ3P3imXNGKapzCwGV5HEMq1Q9gwLOc_0iNvMwYaDmWMf67/s640/DSC_0271.JPG" height="424" oea="true" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above pictures are all of Deodar Cedar (Cedrus deodara). They were taken in front of Ellicott Residence Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Dwarf Japanese Rock Garden Juniper (Juniperus procumbens 'Nana') is also a narrow-leaved evergreen like the above Atlas Cedar; however, it is very short in stature and spreads horizontally. To me, it provides an attractive neutral texture in both the summer and in the winter, even when lightly covered with snow. It can contrast quite nicely with the tan colors of ornamental grasses during the winter.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWgAIMR__T8jplm80IwvzDqIe4QQofmb4ULBgobkNjJy9hCA40UcZAiiG0LxNA4_7h2l8QFn2w6sv6LJftFOToLJbBPWM6HS_F_71RtIGoFi2RpXCVWtpgduQ38i56PIOx-bBs8ujblcx/s1600/DSC_0043.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWgAIMR__T8jplm80IwvzDqIe4QQofmb4ULBgobkNjJy9hCA40UcZAiiG0LxNA4_7h2l8QFn2w6sv6LJftFOToLJbBPWM6HS_F_71RtIGoFi2RpXCVWtpgduQ38i56PIOx-bBs8ujblcx/s640/DSC_0043.JPG" height="424" oea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These Dwarf Japanese Rock Garden Junipers (Juniperus procumbens 'Nana') are covered with a light layer of snow. There are some of these located in the Van Munching Hall Courtyard.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The number of broadleaf evergreens that can be grown generally decreases as one transitions into a continental climate in the interior of a continent or the closer that you get to the earth's polar regions. 'Alta' Columnar Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora 'Alta') is a good selection for those people that want their plants to look almost exactly the same year round. 'Alta' does get large attractive </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/4696550592/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">white fragrant flowers</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> during the summer that contrast quite nicely with its dark green foliage. The large leaves contrast quite nicely with finer textured plants. Southern Magnolias are broad-leaved evergreens.<br /> </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgywQTxnZqgTK65d8b5JIO9_poz80fhEBQmU6lKCa6an2fec-OYRQPNmIsP1fOX4xTyT9loXPMJNDe-9cNN6OZ3pI7UPTRioZMhMkBqK0Fi_FP5NcZy4tRxfUSbGcDiJ0G-kAq0ZuQe9h30/s1600/DSC_0508.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgywQTxnZqgTK65d8b5JIO9_poz80fhEBQmU6lKCa6an2fec-OYRQPNmIsP1fOX4xTyT9loXPMJNDe-9cNN6OZ3pI7UPTRioZMhMkBqK0Fi_FP5NcZy4tRxfUSbGcDiJ0G-kAq0ZuQe9h30/s640/DSC_0508.JPG" ea="true" height="640" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Alta' Columnar Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora 'Alta'); Picture taken on March 5, 2012</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Dwarf Burford' Chinese Holly (Ilex cornuta 'Dwarf Burford') is a broad-leaved evergreen that has a smaller stature than its parent. It can easily get eight feet tall or more in a good site without pruning as it is a very long lived plant; however, it seems to tolerate pruning quite well and you may be able to maintain it around four feet in height for a number of years if you start pruning it religously when it is young. In areas where that it is cold hardy, 'Dwarf Burford' seems to be one of the easiest to grow hollies as it appears to be tolerant of quite a number of different soil and site conditions. 'Dwarf Burford' seems to be more heat and drought tolerant once established than many other kinds of hollies. The curator of one of the United States largest holly collections once told me that he thought that 'Dwarf Burford' was the most cold hardy of the Chinese Hollies. 'Dwarf Burford' is not near as prickly as many of the other Chinese Hollies so it is much easier to prune and friendlier to be around. It seems to be much more resistant to problems than another popular cultivar of Chinese Holly named 'Rotunda.' In our area, 'Rotunda' often has large gaping holes in it and twisted floppy branches giving it an unruly unkempt look, perhaps from being so slow growing and brittle compared to the much faster growing and sturdier 'Dwarf Burford.' </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Shearing the new growth, making sure not to cut off the berries, around the last week in June and a second light shearing in late fall right after the first heavy frosts often helps to reveal the red fruit or ornamental berries better on 'Dwarf Burford' Holly. Heavy pruning for size control can be done in the early spring just before the buds break and the leaves start growing; however, you will probably lose most of your berries for that year when you do this. </span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above two pictures are of a sheared 'Dwarf Burford' Chinese Holly (Ilex cornuta 'Dwarf Burford') hedge located behind Ellicott Residence Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgy0Ccin9bk71YWuIC3ePtDuN68lnnCBjGYiquzSY9OSMIQZw4ZPsOBGH60GbELRv54reQq4UeWSWIz1iAPvwQFxZDtb7xCTOKLbqeSSV5wvWCeUe5qCiO4fPAb4O8c4GyJZfIYZmqnUw7/s1600/DSC_0723+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgy0Ccin9bk71YWuIC3ePtDuN68lnnCBjGYiquzSY9OSMIQZw4ZPsOBGH60GbELRv54reQq4UeWSWIz1iAPvwQFxZDtb7xCTOKLbqeSSV5wvWCeUe5qCiO4fPAb4O8c4GyJZfIYZmqnUw7/s640/DSC_0723+C.jpg" gsa="true" height="494" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">In case you do not think that 'Dwarf Burford' is a dwarf selection, check out the size of its grandparent, the Chinese Holly (Ilex cornuta). This plant is located on the east side of the Chemistry Building. Picture taken on February 25, 2013. The low evergreen shrubs underneath are Common Cherrylaurel (Prunus laurocerasus).</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Nandina or Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica) is usually evergreen in our area. Not only can it have an attractive winter fruit display, it can also have an attractive reddish winter color on some cultivars. One of the smaller cultivars of Nandina named 'Firepower' usually has a bright reddish winter color.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Please check your state or local invasive species list before planting Nandina as it is considered an invasive plant in many areas. We defer to the recent Maryland Department of Natural Resources recommendation to avoid planting on state lands within Maryland and are no longer installing Nandina in new plantings on campus.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three pictures are of a Nandina or Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica) hedge in a courtyard planting at the Clarice Smith Center for the Performing Arts. It is probably the species or an unknown cultivar. Given the variability, there is a good chance it is the species.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The two pictures above are of 'Firepower' Nandina or Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica 'Firepower'). The red winter foliage of the 'Firepower' Nandina contrasts nicely with the dark green leaves of the tightly sheared 'Dwarf Burford' Holly behind them on the left.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Many rhododendrons and some azaleas are evergreen or semi-evergreen in habit rather than deciduous. The leaves on some will look almost the same in the winter as in the summer. However, on some plants, the leaves will turn reddish, purplish or bronze in the winter. Many of the very winter hardy 'P.J.M.' hybrid rhododendrons have leaves that turn a different color during the winter.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijy7ofYMG_rm8sxWtcdTfUdnrSobCFURy77NCBkE-8GLoTBOeNWWHmKtSUK_kgaAgvXNqxmsYbvOHIFyGk2VxRkseKst282yq5UQL5kRua0jiQfNrUOKluQ-eypmyOl_5AcXW_1UmD5YV-/s1600/DSC_0081.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijy7ofYMG_rm8sxWtcdTfUdnrSobCFURy77NCBkE-8GLoTBOeNWWHmKtSUK_kgaAgvXNqxmsYbvOHIFyGk2VxRkseKst282yq5UQL5kRua0jiQfNrUOKluQ-eypmyOl_5AcXW_1UmD5YV-/s640/DSC_0081.JPG" height="424" oea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The two above photos show the reddish foliage on </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/powellgardens/6944296800/in/photostream/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Johanna' Azalea</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Rhododendron 'Johanna') located in the H. Edward Reiley Rhododendron and Azalea Garden at the Arboretum Outreach Center.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The two photos above show the green winter foliage of </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/jonathan_cohen/4670159170/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Eikan' Azalea</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Rhododendron 'Eikan'). 'Eikan' comes from the Satsuki hybrid group of azaleas. These pictures were taken in the H. Edward Reiley Rhododendron and Azalea Garden at the Arboretum Outreach Center. A mass of the 'Eikan' Azaleas or similar azaleas with green winter foliage could contrast quite nicely with a mass of the 'Johanna' azaleas or similar azaleas with red winter foliage when planted next to each other. This color contrast will last far longer than the brilliant but fleeting colors of the flowers. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifCUd86de41cZJfT91V5pBIKRuQveM1f8lKmb860WgVUkHLH6ZJK_VAmfjRtz0TPPQh5PwXLcXdrF1jOwFGZhWLdIVwl5aW90V5q_LBU2zsNx3PBcZk0Iz3SqITtGLFX7BbE5-uIVOMre3/s1600/DSC_0795+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifCUd86de41cZJfT91V5pBIKRuQveM1f8lKmb860WgVUkHLH6ZJK_VAmfjRtz0TPPQh5PwXLcXdrF1jOwFGZhWLdIVwl5aW90V5q_LBU2zsNx3PBcZk0Iz3SqITtGLFX7BbE5-uIVOMre3/s640/DSC_0795+C.jpg" gsa="true" height="518" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Color Guard' Yucca or Adam's Needle (Yucca filamentosa 'Color Guard') is still looking good on February 25, 2013 in this photo taken north of the Chemistry Building. 'Color Guard' is doing quite well in this hot location surrounded by the reflective heat of concrete.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Japanese Star Jasmine (Trachelosperum asiaticum) turns a purplish red color in the winter similar to Purpleleaf Wintercreeper Euonymus (Euonymus fortunei var. coloratus). This planting is located on the north side of the Student Union near the loading docks in a shaded location under trees. We are on the northern edge of its cold hardiness range. In areas to the south and southeast of College Park or in protected locations, it might make a good substitute for Purpleleaf Wintercreeper Euonymus as I have never seen this groundcover bloom or set fruit like the Purpleleaf Wintercreeper Euonymus which is considered invasive in many areas. Picture taken on February 25, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One might think that deciduous plants hold little winter interest because of their nature of losing their leaves in the winter. Losing leaves in the winter can actually be an asset to some plants as far as winter interest is concerned as there are no longer any leaves to hide the ornamental fruit or seed pods, ornamental bark or twigs or sculpture like growth habit of some plants.</span></div>
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<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/5213655192/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">River Birch</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Betula nigra) and Paperbark Maple (Acer griseum) are examples of trees with attractive peeling bark in the winter time. The </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/5126470448/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">River Birch</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> cultivar 'Heritage' has far superior ornamental bark compared to seedlings. One must remember that River Birches become large shade trees and are only small ornamental trees when first planted. They grow far larger than people realize as they often only think of them when that they are small and at their showiest. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Paperbark Maple (Acer griseum) is a much smaller tree than the River Birch and more suitable for smaller yards. The <a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/sitepages/bloom/archive/featuredPlant02.aspx" target="_blank">Paperbark Maple</a> appears to like cool summers and care should be used when siting it so that it is not placed in a hot location with reflected heat. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three pictures are of River Birch (Betula nigra). They are probably the cultivar 'Heritage.' The first picture was taken at the Arboretum Outreach Center on January 26, 2012. The second two pictures were taken near Mowatt Circle on Campus Drive on December 20, 2009. </span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above four pictures are of a Paperbark Maple (Acer griseum) located between Ellicott Residence Hall and Stadium Drive. The top two pictures were taken on November 15, 2012 and the bottom two pictures were taken on January 26, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) is a magnificent tree with one of the most extensive ranges of any North American native tree. While very different, both the summer appearance and the winter appearance of this tree are outstanding! There is quite a bit of variation in this tree species over its range. This is one of the few trees that can not only survive, but also look quite attractive when planted in the right location in the extreme climate of Western Kansas. Old mature trees grown in full sun often develope a beautiful widespread horizontal branching habit with massive limbs. However, this is a disadvantage for older mature trees during extreme ice storms as these picturesque horizontal branches are brittle and collect a lot of ice. Open groves of mature <a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/sitepages/bloom/archive/featuredPlant18-01.aspx" target="_blank">Bur Oaks</a> dot the hillsides in pastureland West of Omaha, Nebraska. Cattle resting underneath of these Bur Oaks for protective shade in the mid-day summer heat completes one of the more beautiful and memorable images of any tree species that I have seen.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some Bur Oaks have fairly simple leaves with wavy leaf margins, while others have extremely deeply cut lobes creating intricate leaf shapes that make great stamps for art projects involving colored paints or ink. Some have light green back sides to the leaves and others have a much more silvery back side to the leaves. Some are very resistant to disfiguring and in a few cases lethal insect galls while others are extremely susceptible to them. Some are very resistant to powdery mildew while others are very susceptible to powdery mildew. Some are very slow growing as they can grow and survive in very inhospitable environments and I have seen the central leader of a young tree grow 44 inches in one year under favorable conditions. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The fringed cups of Bur Oak acorns can reach up to 3.5 inches in diameter on certain trees in Southeast Kansas that I suspect might be natural tetraploids. I have seen a sterile tree before; however, I am not aware of any nurseries that are propagating sterile clones. The large and often plentiful acorns on Bur Oaks are a wildlife bonanza; however, this plus the large potential size limit the urban use of this tough and adaptable tree. Suspect that this may be a pollution tolerant tree as I have seen it look great where some of its roots reached into soil contaminated with gasoline and motor oil. Years ago, a prominent mail order nursery promoted Bur Oaks as being tolerant of gas damage. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some Bur Oaks have prominent corky wings and thick bark on the young twigs that helps protect them from fire as young trees trying to grow in the prairie regions of our country. Not all Bur Oaks have these prominent corky wings on their twigs. I was thrilled to discover that a new planting on campus of three Bur Oaks to replace the former </span><a href="http://vimeo.com/28712891" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Chapel Oak</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> has trees with prominent corky wings and a picturesque growth habit already at a relatively young age.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzM-b6U6xRQvovoC080bY7h-seZ_6OobCGwc6tAl1_2Mnn678VtfWE6mwpTHGmtU151yejb2F619SRw7AYz1jEtvUo6yk_5EDynRwYtyZNVE1t6-U0kd_LTXcDCXoOUyM-zk3RZZvSBPNv/s1600/DSC_0493.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzM-b6U6xRQvovoC080bY7h-seZ_6OobCGwc6tAl1_2Mnn678VtfWE6mwpTHGmtU151yejb2F619SRw7AYz1jEtvUo6yk_5EDynRwYtyZNVE1t6-U0kd_LTXcDCXoOUyM-zk3RZZvSBPNv/s640/DSC_0493.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three photographs are of Bur Oaks (Quercus macrocarpa) recently planted on campus to replace a massive White Oak that died known as the Chapel Oak. The middle tree in the top picture shows a growth habit often seen in the young Bur Oak trees of Southeastern Kansas. Picture taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI1x_iNII1MNIqwS9fyzS9wrjcGc7kEr3pplfF95t6sYZxWkTPGi4d-IoNmzARBPlwgwlXVNr6Hmq67qWzXPyRgd-cy7qtpC3RKdsLEAzsGKfqHuk8vH8a7yavseF-K2femnWcnXTMkYXa/s1600/DSC_0288.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI1x_iNII1MNIqwS9fyzS9wrjcGc7kEr3pplfF95t6sYZxWkTPGi4d-IoNmzARBPlwgwlXVNr6Hmq67qWzXPyRgd-cy7qtpC3RKdsLEAzsGKfqHuk8vH8a7yavseF-K2femnWcnXTMkYXa/s640/DSC_0288.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Chinese or Lacebark Elm (Ulmus parvifolia) has an attractive winter appearance. The branches and trunk have an interesting exfoliating bark. These Lacebark elms are located between Taliaferro Hall and the Shoemaker Building. </span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) is a small tree that attracts attention with its multiple and sometimes somewhat twisted stems emerging from the ground.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbv_AazzQA_8CF-tTC_bGNXNKDDYw3oiR8m9dsB0JWSRtG5q8aMbG5Vz4NYwCTE-_M7jdEwna7OxWBgWsLY3sxlDkJQGs2W4n_hAUruUvXX1UzEaLYYNOEqonqFXRM9rcLXcCIbxR1Dw1U/s1600/DSC_0175+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbv_AazzQA_8CF-tTC_bGNXNKDDYw3oiR8m9dsB0JWSRtG5q8aMbG5Vz4NYwCTE-_M7jdEwna7OxWBgWsLY3sxlDkJQGs2W4n_hAUruUvXX1UzEaLYYNOEqonqFXRM9rcLXcCIbxR1Dw1U/s640/DSC_0175+C.jpg" ea="true" height="640" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Allegheny Serviceberry (Amelanchier laevis) located behind the Ellicott Residence Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The pictures below are of a magnificent old specimen of Weeping European Beech (Fagus sylvatica 'Pendula') in Wooster, Ohio. You will need one heck of a big yard to make room for a giant specimen such as this one. If you have a small yard, you may want to choose a much smaller tree such as a Weeping Mulberry. </span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">All seven of the above pictures are of a magnificent old Weeping European Beech (Fagus sylvatica 'Pendula') on the campus of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center in Wooster, Ohio. The <a href="http://www.oardc.ohio-state.edu/" target="_blank">OARDC</a> campus is next door to Secrest Arboretum. The building seen through the weeping branches in the bottom picture is the Administration Building. Pictures were taken on January 18, 2013</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Weeping Mulberry (Morus alba 'Chapparal') is a tough plant that will tolerant life even in the extreme climate of the plains states such as Kansas and Nebraska. Judicious thinning out pruning can enhance the appearance of these small trees with a contorted and weeping branch habit.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Weeping Mulberry (Morus alba 'Chaparral') at the <a href="http://secrest.osu.edu/" target="_blank">Secrest Arboretum</a> in Wooster, Ohio on January 19, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Harry Lauder's Walkingstick (Corylus avellana 'Contorta') is twisted! The summer leaves hide much of the twisted character of this speciman shrub; hower, fall leaf drop reveals a very contorted branching habit. In honor of this twisted plant, here is a link to </span><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_dvPnNcgkq4" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Twisted' by Santana</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">. This is a plant that does not thrive in harsh continental climates and is lucky to survive three to five years in Lincoln, NE.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM-BWAjp-ihAr6mxp31RWGkB3ZaJ9BEgRYJgFzQWSu7IjBQkd_JW7d9I6d-3GHCLhmQ_Of4q2o3xEWSwkSMLyrZJYIGlI4xUrBo0__JO-ANHKx3uNCUXfcXcPLJwmoTXzEfIFt-QI0O-iO/s1600/DSC_0221.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM-BWAjp-ihAr6mxp31RWGkB3ZaJ9BEgRYJgFzQWSu7IjBQkd_JW7d9I6d-3GHCLhmQ_Of4q2o3xEWSwkSMLyrZJYIGlI4xUrBo0__JO-ANHKx3uNCUXfcXcPLJwmoTXzEfIFt-QI0O-iO/s640/DSC_0221.jpg" ea="true" height="424" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three pictures are of a Harry Lauder's Walkingstick (Corylus avellana 'Contorta') located between Dorchester Residence Hall and Campus Drive. Picture taken on March 21, 2011.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Many trees and shrubs have ornamental fruits that both create winter interest and feed wildlife . Many plants in the Rosaceae family such as Hawthorns and Pyracantha have ornamental fruit.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIs5vvtTBajx2IaGlskxzJ5WglVGizXRUajOMEghjQZRYjhJh8rwiWpDTVNahf-GLGC4slCJ7L-hGAyM0xEkk_VFdLXk7T7pgZ0LQfMdACReMGqViv6Y-1mNcZuKQTYhzTjqUm_hlchlfX/s1600/DSC_0007+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIs5vvtTBajx2IaGlskxzJ5WglVGizXRUajOMEghjQZRYjhJh8rwiWpDTVNahf-GLGC4slCJ7L-hGAyM0xEkk_VFdLXk7T7pgZ0LQfMdACReMGqViv6Y-1mNcZuKQTYhzTjqUm_hlchlfX/s640/DSC_0007+C.jpg" height="518" mea="true" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Winter King' Green Hawthorn (Crataegus viridis 'Winter King') has persistent fruit that are still attractive in this photo taken on February 5, 2013 between the Stadium Drive Parking Garage and the Riggs Alumni Center.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Winter Red' Winterberry Holly (Ilex verticillata) is a deciduous holly that loses its leaves in winter. This helps display its showy red fruit at its best rather than having evergreen foliage hiding many of the fruit. It is a female holly clone that needs a male clone that blooms at the same time such as 'Southern Gentleman' in order for their to be successful pollination and heavy fruit set. Not all male clones bloom at the correct time to pollinate 'Winter Red' as it needs a late bloomer such as 'Southern Gentleman' to pollinate it.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I recommend buying deciduous hollies in the fall as some clones sold as 'Winter Red' are not the true 'Winter Red' clone. These imposters often have little to no fruit display in the fall and winter, even when the correct pollinator is present. When buying, only select plants that are heavily fruited as even the 18" suckers of the true 'Winter Red' can have fruit if that the correct male pollinator is present nearby when that they are blooming.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Demand your money back from a nursery if it has not sold you a true high quality clone of 'Winter Red.' A wholesale nursery in Maryland that sells branches of Winterberry Hollies such as 'Winter Red' for holiday decorations will not buy liners of 'Winter Red' because of the high probability of getting a mislabeled or inferior clone. Instead, it propagates its own 'Winter Red' so that it is sure to get the true high quality clone that fruits heavily.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jQa_n9cq54VePhZk8UZB2Q-UcgSZ291udyWZpyrlusdH18N7TWmGW2G3BBWHmUoF69Yg9KB8xA5V8Zbvd4vo_O_x5ZOTazl7qcU8CJlm1G84gLyYfhZvo9SgXjcUgcTZuDKfI2jwDF6w/s1600/DSC_0799.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3jQa_n9cq54VePhZk8UZB2Q-UcgSZ291udyWZpyrlusdH18N7TWmGW2G3BBWHmUoF69Yg9KB8xA5V8Zbvd4vo_O_x5ZOTazl7qcU8CJlm1G84gLyYfhZvo9SgXjcUgcTZuDKfI2jwDF6w/s640/DSC_0799.JPG" ea="true" height="424" width="640" /></span></a></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above two pictures are of 'Winter Red' Winterberry Holly (Ilex verticillata 'Winter Red'). In the lower picture notice the small sucker in the lower right corner of the picture that has fruit on it.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A few trees and shrubs have brightly or attractively colored twigs in the winter. If you have ever driven through the seemingly endless and monotonous suburbs of the northwest Chicago metro area during the winter, the landscape there can seem quite dreary there in the winter. However, occasionally the bright yellow color of a large </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/12991835@N02/5407818137/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Niobe Weeping Willow</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Salix alba 'Tristis') with its spectacular weeping habit catches ones attention and uplifts ones spirits. This bright yellow twig color is seen both on mature and young plants.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The bright yellow twig color of the Niobe Weeping Willow (Salix alba 'Tristis') is evident even in very young trees like the one pictured, long before they have matured and have developed their long pendulous branching habit that they are famous for.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Redosier or Redtwig Dogwoods (Cornus sericea) and the closely related and similar in appearance Bloodtwig Dogwoods (Cornus sanguinea) are rather nondescript shrubs when in bloom and when in leaf; however, about the time that they lose their leaves and cold weather arrives is when you start noticing their colorful winter twigs. As early spring arrives, the twigs start losing their bright colors and return to a much more drab appearance. <a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/sitepages/bloom/archive/featuredPlant08-01.aspx" target="_blank">Redtwig Dogwoods</a> are often maintained as cut back shrubs to stimulate fast growing vigorous new shoots that will color up well during the winter. Older, slower growing stems do not color up as well as new shoots from the previous summer. If these older stems are left there, they hide the bright colors of the new shoots mixed in among them. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Bailey's' Redtwig Dogwood (Cornus sericea 'Baileyi') is an older cultivar; however, I think it is still one of the better large vigorous cultivars for bright red winter color. To me, the winter appearance and performance is far superior to some of the other older cultivars such as 'Cardinal,' 'Isanti' and 'Kelseyi.' There is a </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/5470201370/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">yellow twigged version</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> of the Redtwig Dogwood;' however, it has not impressed me as being nearly as attractive of a plant as 'Bailey's.' </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> </span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi84ps5TiJtFhYBAlnfiXHaMLB41p7HJ_3OU252q0GpZopkzRBlwIdO7i-Re-ZCvuvWtdREHB5FsZZmBaEBzwEJ5dT-4tHtWXOE-jSQzpnQNAuST2KgQt_-3ZjtBLZfNAcubwXhPnYwYdmd/s1600/DSC_0137.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi84ps5TiJtFhYBAlnfiXHaMLB41p7HJ_3OU252q0GpZopkzRBlwIdO7i-Re-ZCvuvWtdREHB5FsZZmBaEBzwEJ5dT-4tHtWXOE-jSQzpnQNAuST2KgQt_-3ZjtBLZfNAcubwXhPnYwYdmd/s640/DSC_0137.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqui4QIkUMbbo4xtQhWK1wGjll3WnsXM63vzvnTuZndJcNYK8bO_WCJLC3r5rRFWLucl0p49innscDBS7Kisccv_PHYBKWQC105_m21PAdR_9MmqKhUiyXfJohtm9NFBmICuAMmVDAHJq2/s1600/DSC_0254.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqui4QIkUMbbo4xtQhWK1wGjll3WnsXM63vzvnTuZndJcNYK8bO_WCJLC3r5rRFWLucl0p49innscDBS7Kisccv_PHYBKWQC105_m21PAdR_9MmqKhUiyXfJohtm9NFBmICuAMmVDAHJq2/s640/DSC_0254.jpg" ea="true" height="640" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three pictures are of 'Bailey's' Redtwig Dogwood (Cornus sericea 'Baileyi') in the Peace Garden.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There are some newer cultivars of the closely related and almost identical Bloodtwig Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea) that are giving 'Bailey's good competition. 'Winter Flame' certainly caught my attention when I first saw it at the Delaware Center for Horticulture ten years ago. It was the first Dogwood with multiple bright colors on its stems that I was aware of. The colors exhibited on the twigs of 'Winter Flame' are very similar to the colors in the flame from a wood fire. The lower part of the twigs are yellowish and as you near the outer tip, the color changes to yellow-orange, then orange and finally reddish orange. 'Winter Flame,' 'Midwinter Fire' and 'Winter Beauty' are nearly identical looking and/or possibly are the same plant. I get the names confused and sometimes say 'Midwinter Flame' which appears to be a nonexistent plant. There are a couple of other Cornus species that can get red twigs; however, persistent pest problems such as canker make them a poor choice for the landscape.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In January 2013, a planting of four 'Winter Flame' behind the police station at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, Ohio stood out like a flare, clearly visible from the rose garden about 1/4 mile away. Secrest Arboretum is a must see for a hardy plant geek like me! Would love to be walking among the trees in the large crabapple evaluation plot when it is in full bloom. I have never seen so many different crabapples in one place. Secrest's large rose garden is very well laid out and contains one of the largest collections of species and hardy shrub roses that I remember seeing. Some of these roses have beautiful red winter bark or even attractive exfoliating bark. Others have broad wing like thorns lining the twigs and a few still had moderately attractive rose hips. </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR9z3BFa2PUs65djEAorYzikILh57G7gW4qoFNsydyYk1T23hM8rpX7LL6P_5iKrMf39Oxx0tkkjSM164etCgXH8Qdb6nXQdVPYtktMoHZ0a6fLanrgm9TFJlLvFh1QW-Lhy12Nn1fBPBj/s1600/DSC_0783.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR9z3BFa2PUs65djEAorYzikILh57G7gW4qoFNsydyYk1T23hM8rpX7LL6P_5iKrMf39Oxx0tkkjSM164etCgXH8Qdb6nXQdVPYtktMoHZ0a6fLanrgm9TFJlLvFh1QW-Lhy12Nn1fBPBj/s640/DSC_0783.JPG" ea="true" height="424" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above seven pictures are of 'Winter Flame' Bloodtwig Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea 'Winter Flame'). These photographs were taken on January 18, 2013 behind the police station at Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, Ohio.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTElYwpPzKhcwBn69UmTo8Mnwu2DOB4oTtWTRCgCJuBAmINFu3FsUEnj4Mtsy3TyObN-mSoPu9C6sb2G7-MwsPRESQHkmLjlBoEYylR4Mj9Nm4UdzLnqxPnN43NQiiUjsiHunbguRNqPX/s1600/DSC_0045.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirTElYwpPzKhcwBn69UmTo8Mnwu2DOB4oTtWTRCgCJuBAmINFu3FsUEnj4Mtsy3TyObN-mSoPu9C6sb2G7-MwsPRESQHkmLjlBoEYylR4Mj9Nm4UdzLnqxPnN43NQiiUjsiHunbguRNqPX/s640/DSC_0045.JPG" ea="true" height="424" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three photographs are of 'Winter Flame' Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea 'Winter Flame') taken at the University of Delaware Botanic Gardens on July 27, 2012. UDBG cuts back this plant to the ground every other year which helps to keep the color of the twigs more brilliant in the winter. Given the size of this plant, it appears this photo was taken in the second summer after cutting back.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Apparently, I am not the only one to get confused as to the identity of dogwoods with 'red twigs.' This last spring, we specified Cornus sanguinea 'Midwinter Fire' on a landscape bid. The plants came with three different labels: Cornus sanguinea 'Midwinter Fire,' Cornus sanguinea 'Farrow' (Arctic Fire) and Cornus sanguinea 'Cato' (Arctic Sun). The plants appeared healthy and attractive and were very uniform in appearance, so even though I did not know what they were, I decided to go ahead and accept them. After doing a phone call trace back to the wholesaler, we found out that the plants had been purchased as Cornus sanguinea Farrow' (Arctic Fire) by the wholesaler. However, the plants that were planted did not have twigs that were a uniform bright red as described for 'Arctic Fire.' We decided that the plants most closely fit the description of Cornus sanguinea 'Cato' (Arctic Sun). </span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgkTHIW30Hpgb5YSW-mqi4k__6Zjxv8HqpsF3wM6T8mkinFdZ-eAddLmseuZE11QOQvOa4iqELdGeGuTaoio1JY1pI1Ktn2FwnlCoJRbdWv57MnbikgEp20SCfyJzrTmrufdE5QGnDcIvp/s1600/DSC_0319.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgkTHIW30Hpgb5YSW-mqi4k__6Zjxv8HqpsF3wM6T8mkinFdZ-eAddLmseuZE11QOQvOa4iqELdGeGuTaoio1JY1pI1Ktn2FwnlCoJRbdWv57MnbikgEp20SCfyJzrTmrufdE5QGnDcIvp/s640/DSC_0319.JPG" ea="true" height="424" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above four photos are of Arctic Sun Bloodtwig Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea 'Cato') taken on August 1, 2012 near the north wing of Van Munching Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above four photos are of Arctic Sun Bloodtwig Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea 'Cato') taken on October 24, 2012 near the north wing of Van Munching Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMakmq3or2lS2y5rREO8b8zrDOGUC2u79AyOO5lhijfsvH3A6krXwmgIzFRm5qrIhTJ3qM0YDZPMJ5sSRvdAJOZ7KFhatYkzqsiQkcbRtcazYsQDGm4SKxINybzaM118QKlkQ_3psWXWH/s1600/DSC_0002+D.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMakmq3or2lS2y5rREO8b8zrDOGUC2u79AyOO5lhijfsvH3A6krXwmgIzFRm5qrIhTJ3qM0YDZPMJ5sSRvdAJOZ7KFhatYkzqsiQkcbRtcazYsQDGm4SKxINybzaM118QKlkQ_3psWXWH/s640/DSC_0002+D.jpg" height="518" mea="true" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">The above three pictures are of Artic Sun Bloodtwig Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea 'Cato' [Arctic Sun]). These pictures were taken on February 5 & 6, 2013 northwest of the north wing of Van Munching Hall. </span><a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/sitepages/bloom/archive/featuredPlant18-01.aspx"></a></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4Qt_fNse-CWEbfpcmcv14UVapo31R4wRpIxuYbhsjfgogCBY1lDboODmOkg-KZegLEw_prZIrJkm-UHOWAzwVgOyRAj6xYbzbsC7bojTvIRbH8MH8mV6UybOuijXxIWSLN3AmTrOse3Kf/s1600/DSC_0246.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4Qt_fNse-CWEbfpcmcv14UVapo31R4wRpIxuYbhsjfgogCBY1lDboODmOkg-KZegLEw_prZIrJkm-UHOWAzwVgOyRAj6xYbzbsC7bojTvIRbH8MH8mV6UybOuijXxIWSLN3AmTrOse3Kf/s640/DSC_0246.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Oakleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia) can have attractive exfoliating bark on its stems and branches.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There are many cultivars and hybrids of witchhazel available that provide bloom from late fall through late winter on warm days. Some of these are wonderfully fragrant. Unfortunately, many of those with the best fragrances have smaller and less showy flowers. Neither of the two <a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/sitepages/bloom/archive/featuredPlant05.aspx" target="_blank">witchhazel </a>cultivars with large showy flowers shown in the pictures below are fragrant.</span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFr4GdCCI6ISiGmKdhy9zxD7KyHDUjC8W9OzpWY6gqN_9HgAOdzjOPrrf3wBpDns-8Ui1zC2YBp-1-FZNQTeLT6dFar9LWm5btzhpLa4xRtX6ruuYvoFnqKKePjqNUvRYTQoyTypBHIrol/s1600/DSC_0122.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFr4GdCCI6ISiGmKdhy9zxD7KyHDUjC8W9OzpWY6gqN_9HgAOdzjOPrrf3wBpDns-8Ui1zC2YBp-1-FZNQTeLT6dFar9LWm5btzhpLa4xRtX6ruuYvoFnqKKePjqNUvRYTQoyTypBHIrol/s640/DSC_0122.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Pallida' Witchhazel (Hamamelis mollis 'Pallida) puts on a late winter floral display in the Peace and Friendship Garden. The above three pictures of 'Pallida' were taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4rWHhKeegciU60sUSsMlGxD7E4oSRLD_kbZydPvaeU3KiqIeRymlup8OT725KTymSa63VxctNdyiINtmSxxlJccDNaTV7knJu4HxXpNYmzySoQeibiaV7udCt1gF127KAeHk8u0vvmOO9/s1600/DSC_0470.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4rWHhKeegciU60sUSsMlGxD7E4oSRLD_kbZydPvaeU3KiqIeRymlup8OT725KTymSa63VxctNdyiINtmSxxlJccDNaTV7knJu4HxXpNYmzySoQeibiaV7udCt1gF127KAeHk8u0vvmOO9/s640/DSC_0470.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above four pictures are of 'Ruby Glow' Witchhazel (Hamamelis x intermedia 'Ruby Glow'). This plant is located on the East side of Marie Mount Hall. These pictures were taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOfTelhUCWgkp0r1y3bfMLyUKF-uULgPCJSTgWIDcKkUsWa8v7q3JtAbPjBOd5-KvevEPuWb3qR1wqCn67ddWEQa-nXJXAMniD7jufGmw8w9M8SXxTMZLg80JSTOIgo4qq1Q76O3KyHyv4/s1600/DSC_0423+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOfTelhUCWgkp0r1y3bfMLyUKF-uULgPCJSTgWIDcKkUsWa8v7q3JtAbPjBOd5-KvevEPuWb3qR1wqCn67ddWEQa-nXJXAMniD7jufGmw8w9M8SXxTMZLg80JSTOIgo4qq1Q76O3KyHyv4/s640/DSC_0423+C.jpg" gsa="true" height="502" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above picture is of Vernal Witchhazel (Hamamelis vernalis). The flowers are about 1/4 the size of the two hybrids shown above this and are barely noticeable from just a few feet away as they read as a neutral tan color from a distance. However, the fragrance of these Vernal Witchhazels is exquisite. There are a number of these Vernal Witchhazel planted in the Van Munching Hall courtyard. This picture was taken on February 25, 2013.</td></tr>
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<br /><br /><br /><br />Some plants have dried flowers or seed pods that can provide winter interest. Two hydrangea species are notable for retaining their dried sepals and seed pods. The Smooth Hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens) and the Panicle Hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata) do this. Both of these lose their leaves; however, the stems are sturdy enough to support the spent and dried inflorescence, even when cold wet snow piles high on top. 'Haas' Halo' Smooth Hydrangea is supposed to be a more uniform, vigorous and showy improvement on the 'White Dome' Smooth Hydrangea that we have in our collection. Hope to be able to plant 'Haas' Halo' soon to see if it meets up to expectations.<br /><br /></span><div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimKGivmEgnaBpgLxL0Gg_p1PP1cgZhm1UERX9nVoQB6jOM0UN2T7R6X94k3T2qpy7MUjWHOUiDpeFlV_mduV46Fs3QEZO__DZDsz9zx74JuaXnQCT4ZP6wJzmLQ69rwWaiF2Obc0bxQ0cW/s1600/DSC_0306.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimKGivmEgnaBpgLxL0Gg_p1PP1cgZhm1UERX9nVoQB6jOM0UN2T7R6X94k3T2qpy7MUjWHOUiDpeFlV_mduV46Fs3QEZO__DZDsz9zx74JuaXnQCT4ZP6wJzmLQ69rwWaiF2Obc0bxQ0cW/s640/DSC_0306.JPG" gsa="true" height="424" width="640" /></a></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghWltb92VrRpvf_NNmzv-mRVdRg-RFjLnHCfXdUv6maARsVKPSuy2-bdnPeM8542a8rVvV-_DFSPgRZ25WoHa1Zid0jxvpxmLEbiBghkMa4pFvFCRBL8q_CE8xcWX4gJrFlLQab8LvT7gN/s1600/DSC_0301.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghWltb92VrRpvf_NNmzv-mRVdRg-RFjLnHCfXdUv6maARsVKPSuy2-bdnPeM8542a8rVvV-_DFSPgRZ25WoHa1Zid0jxvpxmLEbiBghkMa4pFvFCRBL8q_CE8xcWX4gJrFlLQab8LvT7gN/s640/DSC_0301.JPG" gsa="true" height="424" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above two pictures are of 'White Dome' Smooth Hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens 'White Dome'). These plants are located in front of Tawes Hall on Tawes Plaza. Both of these pictures were taken on February 25, 2013.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzI7tNETTcL4r9IVMTdClA59gicyUqcEKfzhVtfqEExY7bUHxR2Z4SbzJwP2Dq7o4XVOqCPID2fbV194dl8zEkJ2UQ91VdC2bDVArBHEfXTx-7HD3CT2zJDkJGVRw6daSXF2h3B_tH4HOU/s1600/DSC_0349.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzI7tNETTcL4r9IVMTdClA59gicyUqcEKfzhVtfqEExY7bUHxR2Z4SbzJwP2Dq7o4XVOqCPID2fbV194dl8zEkJ2UQ91VdC2bDVArBHEfXTx-7HD3CT2zJDkJGVRw6daSXF2h3B_tH4HOU/s640/DSC_0349.JPG" gsa="true" height="640" width="424" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">'Tardiva' Hydrangea (Hydrangea paniculata 'Tardiva') located on the West side of the Architecture Building. Picture taken on February 25, 2013.</td></tr>
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Roses are one of the oldest ornamental plants to be cultivated by man. There is a lot of variation in the genus Rosa that roses are placed in. Most people think of hybrid tea roses when the name rose comes up. Hybrid tea roses produce the large, fully double, longstemmed flowers that are used in florist arrangements. By concentrating on selecting traits for producing the most beautiful flowers with continual bloom, some other very important traits were left out when breeding tea roses. Some of the traits that got discarded in the trash bin were a nice habit, handsome disease resistant foliage, cold hardiness etc. Keeping a collection of hybrid tea roses healthy and attractive is a very high maintence task usually involving pesticides.<br />
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Many people abandoned the use of roses in the garden and landscape when they realized there were better looking plants available than hybrid tea roses that took a fraction of the work. Bill Radler changed things all around again when he bred the Knock Out series of roses and other hardy shrub roses. Knock Out and other roses developed by Bill Radler are great landscape roses that we use a lot of on campus in high visibility areas because of their near continual bloom, good disease resistance and excellent cold hardiness. The fact that Knock Out rose is a great rose is no big secret as it is the most planted rose in the United States for good reason.<br />
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There are a few less well known roses than recent hardy shrub rose introductions that are much harder to get ahold of that have good seasonal beauty and better winter interest than the Knock Out roses. These are good plants to use in less important areas as some may not be very disease resistant and only have a one time short blooming period. Smaller plants including perennials can be placed in front of the larger roses to become the focus of attention after the roses have lost their blooms. Hardy Hibiscus and Joe-Pye-Weed are taller perennials that are slow to develop in the spring when the roses are blooming, so they do not hide the rose when they are in their prime. Later in the summer when the roses are not looking so good, these plants can help screen the roses if planted in front of them. They both can be chopped back to the ground after frost to reveal the winter interest of the below roses.<br />
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The below pictures of roses were taken on January 18, 2013 at the Garden of Roses of Legend and Romance at the <a href="http://secrest.osu.edu/" target="_blank">Secrest Arboretum & Gardens</a> in Wooster, Ohio. I will show pictures of only my three top roses. Other roses that caught my attention for winter interest that are not shown are: Rosa des Peintres (Centifolia Rose), Sweet Briar Rose (Rosa eglanteria), Crimson Shower Rambler, Therese Bugnet Rose and Burr Rose (Rosa Roxburghii). Burr rose has a wonderful peeling or exfoliating bark that is generally light gray on older stems. <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span></div>
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The above four pictures are of Pasture or Carolina Rose (Rosa carolina). These pictures were taken at the Secrest Arboretum on January 18, 2013. Summer pictures of the <a href="http://www.dogpile.com/info.dogpl/search/images?q=Rosa%20carolina&fcoid=408&fcop=topnav&fpid=2" target="_blank">Pasture Rose</a>.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh89oYJ8pctaGyWb-Z3lE1RLFJ4_GWyGzXy0zuGHlwdMrVOwZbbqvblY-Qa2EVVEDB5tZcnwE1Jm8nXscpeqQCgDnys066N-IgymO-MizyG3AjluX737j1AR4mfWiBsavGS2ygUhGQnaJIj/s1600/DSC_0293.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh89oYJ8pctaGyWb-Z3lE1RLFJ4_GWyGzXy0zuGHlwdMrVOwZbbqvblY-Qa2EVVEDB5tZcnwE1Jm8nXscpeqQCgDnys066N-IgymO-MizyG3AjluX737j1AR4mfWiBsavGS2ygUhGQnaJIj/s640/DSC_0293.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above seven pictures are of the Chinese Winged Thorn Rose (Rosa sericea subsp. Omeiensis f. pteracantha). The winged thorns are red in summer. These pictures were taken on January 18, 2013 at the Secrest Arboretum. Summer pictures of the <a href="http://www.dogpile.com/info.dogpl/search/images?fcoid=417&fcop=topnav&fpid=2&q=Rosa+sericea&ql=" target="_blank">Chinese Winged Thorn Rose</a>.</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above seven photos are of The Semi Rose (Rosa laxa Retzius). These pictures were taken on January 18, 2013 at the Secrest Arboretum. The Semi Rose has both attractive fruit and attractive pinkish red to red stems and twigs. The summer appearance of <a href="http://www.dogpile.com/info.dogpl/search/images?fcoid=417&fcop=topnav&fpid=2&q=Rosa+laxa+Retzius&ql=" target="_blank">The Semi Rose</a>.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some grasses can proved winter interest such as Broom-sedge (Andropogon virginicus) which stands upright throughout the winter. In our area, Broom-sedge is a native grass and its use is preferred over the larger, spectacular and often invasive non-native Maiden Grass (Miscanthesis sinensis). If you desire a larger native grass, </span><a href="http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/gardens-gardening/your-garden/plant-finder/plant-details/kc/z240/panicum-virgatum-northwind.aspx" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Northwind' Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum 'Northwind)</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> stands up well to hurricane force winds much better than most other cultivars of Switch Grass. Keep in mind that grasses that dry out completely in the winter are extremely flammable and should not be planted in areas where that they will cause damage if that they accidentally catch fire. Cutting back the dried foliage to the ground greatly reduces the flammability; however, you lose the wonderful winter interest.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The above three pictures are of Broom-sedge (Andropogon virginicus). The top two pictures were taken between US 1 Highway and the A.V. Williams Building on November 15, 2012.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Winter appearance of the species or an unknown small green leaved cultivar of Switch Grass (Panicum virgatum). This particular planting usually falls over very early in winter; however, still looks attractive as a much lower planting as it is planted in front of some larger shrubs. This planting is located near Mowatt Circle and Campus Drive. The above two pictures were taken on January 11, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Try using plants that retain their dried foliage and contrast the color and texture differences of their dried foliage. The dark brown foliage of the 'Wood's Blue' Aster and the light tan foliage of the Fountain Grass contrast nicely. The dark brown foliage of Mountain Mint would also contrast nicely with the Fountain Grass.</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The low dark brown groundcover in the middle of this picture is the dried remains of </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/6140848201/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Wood's Blue' New York Aster</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Aster novi-belgi 'Wood's Blue'). Behind and to the right of the 'Wood's Blue' is the light tan winter appearance of </span><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/6026256519/" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Fountain Grass</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> (Pennisetum alopecuroides). The contrast in color and textures of the dead foliage of both of these plants provides winter interest. Picture taken on November 30, 2012 in front of Tawes Hall.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Mountain Mint (Pycnanthemum) seed heads mature and age to a handsome dark grayish brown color in the winter and contrast quite nicely with lighter colored grasses. Picture taken on January 18, 2013 at the Secrest Arboretum in Wooster, Ohio.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsTjgRSvwGxF5aQVHx1HdhoOLTczGzZIZGOUL5eTIyBcsxN6gF_EtfS9ISL-Jcd895h1RfshowFlR1bU-UzZe8c1v5mbt11RcFfQKbeZj0TcADZaxXUAVErOlSXcdQDwMCuvH-dhyw_8ET/s1600/DSC_0336.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsTjgRSvwGxF5aQVHx1HdhoOLTczGzZIZGOUL5eTIyBcsxN6gF_EtfS9ISL-Jcd895h1RfshowFlR1bU-UzZe8c1v5mbt11RcFfQKbeZj0TcADZaxXUAVErOlSXcdQDwMCuvH-dhyw_8ET/s640/DSC_0336.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The light tan dried seed pods of 'Dark Knight' Blue Mist Spirea Caryopteris x clandonensis 'Dark Knight') add a graceful screen to soften the base of a clump of Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana) in a planting in front of Shoemaker Hall. This planting was designed by Bobby Tjaden, UMD Landscape Architect Reviewer with the Department of Capital Projects. This picture was taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06hxqctIkU6c5u0obozZiG8OWkJ576bLKSyMcxQ6UjCNVlN7ksPJOtxHuh2INo0MlKBq7tx6c-WUrt5Lt0Svg9yvFDbpOFbKJYZ_t9WGko9vFO3iYb412CF2rcVvwGoOek8U_pJSoA5Dm/s1600/DSC_0361.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06hxqctIkU6c5u0obozZiG8OWkJ576bLKSyMcxQ6UjCNVlN7ksPJOtxHuh2INo0MlKBq7tx6c-WUrt5Lt0Svg9yvFDbpOFbKJYZ_t9WGko9vFO3iYb412CF2rcVvwGoOek8U_pJSoA5Dm/s640/DSC_0361.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This recent planting in front of Shoemaker Hall designed by Bobby Tjaden, UMD Landscape Architect Reviewer with the Department of Capital Projects has a lot of winter interest. Boxwood (Buxus) are the broad-leaved evergreen shrubs planted as a hedge and lining the walk. Behind the Boxwood hedge from left to right are 'Dark Knight' Blue Mist Spirea (Caryopteris x clandonensis 'Dark Knight,' Blackeyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta) and Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana). Pampas Grass has large showy seed heads. This picture was taken on February 5, 2013</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHcKVxsHt4jx_x9Uqf475LkO5KTN1pU_Vp08jzgcDUSmc5v9pJH7CE0RvUVfM6vdU4-lMO7glOebzsR35DSbV1qyjdy7rFNae-V1vIXU_eYggbcvnXabZyv7ldc4f-meLEBE5kk1n1VJQ9/s1600/DSC_0373.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHcKVxsHt4jx_x9Uqf475LkO5KTN1pU_Vp08jzgcDUSmc5v9pJH7CE0RvUVfM6vdU4-lMO7glOebzsR35DSbV1qyjdy7rFNae-V1vIXU_eYggbcvnXabZyv7ldc4f-meLEBE5kk1n1VJQ9/s640/DSC_0373.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Blue Fortune' Anise Hyssop or Agastache (Agastache foeniculum 'Blue Fortune') retains its seed pods which stand out quite nicely here in this picture where it was planted in front of 'Karl Foerster' Feather Reed Grass (Calamagrostis x acutiflora 'Karl Foerster'). Bobby Tjaden, UMD Landscape Architect Reviewer with the Department of Capital Projects, designed the garden where that this picture was taken in front of Shoemaker Hall. The seed heads have a much more relaxed habit here in this picture than they do in late summer when they are blooming as they are usually stiffly erect at that time. The picture was taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Italian Arum (Arum italicum 'Pictum') is a herbaceous perennial that is evergreen through the winter in mild climates. The leaves do roll up for protection on the extremely cold winter days, but unfurl during relatively warmer days. Interestingly, it goes dormant during the hot summer months and appears to disappear from the landscape during this period except for its seed stalks topped with bright orange red berries.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUywAm98_XLHwemiz46MiIQvfKJhrFXWkChWbmPQ8VvYtNUsvsh4P575DK49qKX9DjrveqhFddaepLXPFwVAvubTFlN-sZbAvcK9O1Z3oKGUqMPDCiS3ERWAPzVXpA1jmQS9WwPuphjpah/s1600/DSC_0167+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUywAm98_XLHwemiz46MiIQvfKJhrFXWkChWbmPQ8VvYtNUsvsh4P575DK49qKX9DjrveqhFddaepLXPFwVAvubTFlN-sZbAvcK9O1Z3oKGUqMPDCiS3ERWAPzVXpA1jmQS9WwPuphjpah/s640/DSC_0167+C.jpg" height="609" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Italian Arum (Arum italicum 'Pictum') in the Benjamin Building Courtyard Garden on November 12, 2012.</span></td></tr>
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<br />Hellebores have quite a passionate fan club among a number of gardeners. These flowers with evergreen foliage start blooming during late winter and appear to bloom into early or sometimes mid-spring as the showy sepals that they have instead of showy petals are very durable and often hold on, even as the seed pod is maturing. Hybridizers have been successful at breeding many variations of the flowers of the Lenten Rose including double flowers. To me, the Lenten Rose is at its best as a cut flower, brought indoors to enjoy, as its flowers hang downwards so that you cannot see the beautiful face. They look quite lovely when placed face up in a shallow bowl of water.<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHM65SffntFPalGGlTYKnbpMl-AUpqfrPv2iV2hrvdT5MpC361-w5mDM6cLQJTcXoGtpc2M-u-6_NbyOKwbEjHzz8B2oPg6he8E_62yFBVq8qLNzmihuxFn8_2JDqtPSScPyQWaoQq1M5U/s1600/DSC_0102+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHM65SffntFPalGGlTYKnbpMl-AUpqfrPv2iV2hrvdT5MpC361-w5mDM6cLQJTcXoGtpc2M-u-6_NbyOKwbEjHzz8B2oPg6he8E_62yFBVq8qLNzmihuxFn8_2JDqtPSScPyQWaoQq1M5U/s640/DSC_0102+C.jpg" gsa="true" height="640" width="604" /></a><br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGmf44E7sdSw3p4M0g7jC6SdGJ4blvKFDApYWygebGUVHHiUtzG9Qk8cWZhNrVYYjll83XbCOYhFlDRg7N1N7JwxNGi2CG-KvzFaTZBoX2wRGKg9_mxrkunlsFoomXRvDMvgh8c5rl_-79/s1600/DSC_0096.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGmf44E7sdSw3p4M0g7jC6SdGJ4blvKFDApYWygebGUVHHiUtzG9Qk8cWZhNrVYYjll83XbCOYhFlDRg7N1N7JwxNGi2CG-KvzFaTZBoX2wRGKg9_mxrkunlsFoomXRvDMvgh8c5rl_-79/s640/DSC_0096.JPG" gsa="true" height="424" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The above two pictures are of an unknown Lenten Rose or Hellebore (Helleborus orientalis) hybrid. These pictures were taken on February 26, 2013. This plant is located at the southeast corner of The Diner located behind Ellicott Residence Hall.</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjStdO6sRAgowIw1W8QDbFqykU7tCV-Kln6cbSE51XGDVn5RcIiOYyJz4HcwmzOjieeOAWsY6tE6KT5TdmQcLHbIRar22mI-tm8pS8nLK0MqGPZ8Dn_yg_mHIJ0Y46WeyI5A7Of0-Qf81hY/s1600/DSC_0549+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjStdO6sRAgowIw1W8QDbFqykU7tCV-Kln6cbSE51XGDVn5RcIiOYyJz4HcwmzOjieeOAWsY6tE6KT5TdmQcLHbIRar22mI-tm8pS8nLK0MqGPZ8Dn_yg_mHIJ0Y46WeyI5A7Of0-Qf81hY/s640/DSC_0549+C.jpg" gsa="true" height="488" style="cursor: move;" unselectable="on" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Bearsfoot Hellebore (Helleborus foetidis) sometimes known as Stinking Hellebore. This picture was taken on February 26, 2013 on the south side of Building 2 in the South Campus Commons. This plant did not read its cultural description of needing some shade as it is doing fine on the south side of a multi-story residence hall without any shade. I am certainly not recommending that you plant them in full sun.</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Redbor Kale can look attractive through the winter in mild winters in our area. While a number of different ornamental cabbages and kale look attractive in the fall, Redbor is one of the best for surviving mild winters in good shape. Not sure where the red in the name comes from as looks a little more like a grayish shade of purple to me.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIa0VTDB_kVAS2g-4Od_gd7ZI5blkg9gUQ76wyGz2byCoZPbbdrU1lTC2kZHsu_80bRGWO50pbJMEAGULnahk3hE3gOXp4yp8_56iyb_RzMjQdPtEtPRvwMKdIDTP6kLK281CaTR3h9HTP/s1600/DSC_0471.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIa0VTDB_kVAS2g-4Od_gd7ZI5blkg9gUQ76wyGz2byCoZPbbdrU1lTC2kZHsu_80bRGWO50pbJMEAGULnahk3hE3gOXp4yp8_56iyb_RzMjQdPtEtPRvwMKdIDTP6kLK281CaTR3h9HTP/s640/DSC_0471.JPG" gsa="true" height="424" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Redbor Kale on February 25, 2013 at the clock tower on Mayer Mall near Van Munching Hall.</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sculpture or yard ornaments can create visual interest in the winter. One of my favorites is a large flock of the old time classic bright pink plastic flamingos in a front yard. They show a spirit of fun and humanity that is often lacking in some neighborhoods. A family of turtle sculptures that I saw recently at the Secrest Arboretum would appear quite at home on our campus as our mascot is a Terrapin, a type of turtle.</span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcd-IpRHRXqGpdKfN2EuqIAn9gHYSauYmYfPQWkJFUaDtMcjdckSU-6dovY6HYepd8yT8z-ne2FTItqPf1iC7LaHI9_c00ohv1tan-rDiDDGj1mzVBVqEQ_ZJWMdYEPG-uGqsV7RiV5N8v/s1600/DSC_0025.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcd-IpRHRXqGpdKfN2EuqIAn9gHYSauYmYfPQWkJFUaDtMcjdckSU-6dovY6HYepd8yT8z-ne2FTItqPf1iC7LaHI9_c00ohv1tan-rDiDDGj1mzVBVqEQ_ZJWMdYEPG-uGqsV7RiV5N8v/s640/DSC_0025.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">These turtles serve a dual purpose as sculpture and playground equipment at the Secrest Aboretum in Wooster, Ohio. Picture taken on January 18, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqaYvM2ERUQTwGYtwjTJ-dp9F713mk-YIizqJ-ZZr37Upm87s9YiJqqQ2FSt_SXw3qD6g7l1ZIW4PHxEYK-IrUo20ZWGCh1BTOlyjPP0N20YQg3UIKTk0lSfuW3FwIB5qTux5020SGjOUH/s1600/DSC_0216.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqaYvM2ERUQTwGYtwjTJ-dp9F713mk-YIizqJ-ZZr37Upm87s9YiJqqQ2FSt_SXw3qD6g7l1ZIW4PHxEYK-IrUo20ZWGCh1BTOlyjPP0N20YQg3UIKTk0lSfuW3FwIB5qTux5020SGjOUH/s640/DSC_0216.JPG" height="424" mea="true" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This metal spider sculpture adds some jolly good fun to a large landscape bed between Mowatt Circle and the Art/Sociology building. Picture taken on February 5, 2013.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A metal sculpture like this can break up a blank wall or tall privacy fence and add year round interest. This was a student art project that was displayed on campus on December 14, 2011.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyEs6E0QOIsZ_7igctI8feoK3Qi2TiJbMIUAJ7YQ_IWHM3je5OgNGAUXtJl-3ccK3ocAJvm1nyZATIYci3bY2Wv07aNQet3YWBDvILIpqNRepwFfy8ghDhw4LXdXOWoQoLBaJ18n-rEwUb/s1600/DSC_0507.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyEs6E0QOIsZ_7igctI8feoK3Qi2TiJbMIUAJ7YQ_IWHM3je5OgNGAUXtJl-3ccK3ocAJvm1nyZATIYci3bY2Wv07aNQet3YWBDvILIpqNRepwFfy8ghDhw4LXdXOWoQoLBaJ18n-rEwUb/s640/DSC_0507.JPG" height="640" mea="true" width="424" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lighting and light fixtures can add winter interest during this season of long nights and short days. This lamp post being swallowed by this large evergreen holly hedge near the Rossborough Inn is the University of Maryland's version of the lamp post in 'The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe' where that Lucy first meets Mr. Tumnus, the faun, in a snowy winter scene. There is a large Southern Magnolia in the background. Southern Magnolias are large broad-leaved evergreen trees. </span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">A big thank you goes to Dr. Laura Summerhill Deeter of the ATI campus of Ohio State University for giving me a tour of the ATI campus, Secrest Arboretum and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center as a number of the pictures that I used in this posting came from that visit!</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">All of the pictures used in this post were taken by the author, Sam Bahr.</span><br />
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<img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjStdO6sRAgowIw1W8QDbFqykU7tCV-Kln6cbSE51XGDVn5RcIiOYyJz4HcwmzOjieeOAWsY6tE6KT5TdmQcLHbIRar22mI-tm8pS8nLK0MqGPZ8Dn_yg_mHIJ0Y46WeyI5A7Of0-Qf81hY/s640/DSC_0549+C.jpg" height="73" style="filter: alpha(opacity=30); left: 45px; mozopacity: 0.3; opacity: 0.3; position: absolute; top: 74478px; visibility: hidden;" width="96" /><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-50661665844146968372012-05-25T18:33:00.001-04:002012-05-25T20:55:06.801-04:00A Day With Dr. Alex Shigo<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Baldcypress (Taxodium distichum) trees are one of the trees recommended by Dr. Alex Shigo to be planted in city conditions. The Baldcypress tree in this picture is on the Campus Drive side of St. Mary's Residence Hall on the University of Maryland campus.</span></div>
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Recently, while rummaging through some old notebooks filled with plant information, I found some notes that I made from a conference or symposium given on June 5, 1994 by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Shigo">Dr. Alex Shigo</a>. Dr. Shigo has been dubbed by some people as the 'Father of Modern Arboriculture.' Many foresters and horticulturists just need to hear the name 'Shigo' and immediately know who that you are talking about. At the time I made these notes, I was living in Lincoln, NE and working as a landscape designer for Campbell's Nurseries.</div>
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Growing up in Kansas, a plains state where the vast open prairie was once king, trees were a rare and treasured commodity to me. I loved looking through books such as <u>The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees</u>. The seductive glossy color pictures showed exotic leaf shapes that I had never seen before and bright fall leaf colors that were very alluring. </div>
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Trees are big, up in your face type of plants that demand to be noticed. They are much easier to pick out as individuals from a greater distance than most other kinds of plants. Sometimes, trees within a species can appear to be be different from one another due to various environmental conditions or trauma that they have encountered over the years. Prairie grasses with their fine bladed, herbaceous leaves are much harder to distinguish as individuals than trees with their their large woody trunks; however, in vast numbers in a tightly spaced community, grasses can work together with forbs, an unfettered view of the sky and the sometimes sparse accents of shrubs and trees to create quite dramatic landscapes. Because trees can be distinguished as individuals and are usually long lived, it is easier to have an emotional attachment to them than other kinds of plant. Great grandmother's treasured fern leaf peony that has been lovingly handed down through the generations might be an exception.</div>
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When I saw the information the Dr. Alex Shigo would be speaking at the spectacular and recently constructed <a href="http://www.liedlodge.org/">Lied Lodge & Conference Center</a>, part of the Arbor Day Farm in nearby Nebraska City, NE, I decided that this was an opportunity that I did not want to miss out on. I was not disappointed.</div>
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Dr. Shigo's opening statement was 'Training without education is subjugation.' As soon as I heard that statement, I knew that we were going to be in for an intense day of training by someone that was very passionate. While today I do not remember what Dr. Shigo looked like, there were some concepts and information that Dr. Shigo introduced that day that made a big impression on me and have stuck with me and been a part of my thinking on trees ever since. While many years have passed since that day, the information that he presented is still accurate and unfortunately, still unknown to many that it would be helpful to.</div>
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One of the first points that Dr. Shigo made that was that you cannot expect instant results with correct tree pruning methods. It takes 5-6 years before that you or your neighbors will notice a difference in the way that the trees are pruned.</div>
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Below are some scattered notes on concepts and examples that Dr. Shigo gave that caught my attention:</div>
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<li>'In Denmark, trees are root pruned 4-5 times before leaving the nursery'. He was a big believer of root pruning in nurseries. Shigo insisted that you need to make clean cuts when root pruning. Most American nurseries do not root prune that often to my knowledge.</li>
<li>'Well paid people are people paid for making decisions. We are paid for making correct decisions' I think this statement was related to if you (an arborist or tree care professional) just do what a customer asks without alerting the customer to the fact that what they are asking you to do is not a good tree management practice, you will not be able to ask a decent price for your services, given the probable bad end results.</li>
<li>Do not mix trees that like dry conditions in the same planting with trees that like wet conditions. The different water requirements will kill one group of trees when you have an automatic irrigation system that does not allow for this differences in water requirements.</li>
<li>'Trees should be planted in clusters rather than singulary'.</li>
<li>When transplanting, 'the smaller the tree, the better for long term survival.' Recently, the wife of a former college roommate that now lives near Emporia, KS asked me on Facebook what kind of trees she should consider planting that she would likely have good results with as she had very poor results with some maple trees that she had previously planted. When I suggested that she plant an acorn from some oak trees native to the area where that she lived, I think she was quite shocked and thought that I was joking as a reply quickly came back 'PLANT AN ACORN??? Seriously, ....' </li>
<li>Absorption of many nutrients by a tree's roots happens during the winter. Mycorrhizae that surround tree roots can help keep the soil from being frozen in that immediate area. Mycorrhizae can also help aid in the absorption of nutrients by a tree's roots, much better than a a tree's roots can on their own without the help of mycorrhizae. The pH can vary by up to 2 points from the soil to within mycorrhizae. This can be very helpful to uptake of nutrients as the availability of nutrients in the soil is pH dependent. Snow and leaf litter can also aid in keeping the soil from being frozen in winter, allowing the absorption of nutrients in winter.</li>
<li>Composted mulch (ground leaves and twigs) is a good product to use to encourage the growth of mycorrhizae. Mycorrhizae do not grow well in compacted soils. Shigo felt that a thin application of composted mulch was better than a thick one and that it would be better to mulch two to three times per year. He mentioned that Disney World mulches 3 times per year. This concept may be a hard sell to people on a tight budget as weeds will likely come up in a thin mulch and additional money will have to be spent on weed removal and the reapplication of mulch. Application of fresh wood chips brings with it the possibility of undesirable pathogens that may harm a tree.</li>
<li>'Healthy mycorrhizae on a tree keep pathogens away that can cause problems.'</li>
<li>'Mycorrhizae live at least a year while root hairs come and go quickly. Root hairs live only a couple weeks.'</li>
<li>'Do not stake trees or they will become weak.' </li>
<li>'Oak roots can be like carrots, bigger than the above ground parts. Pull up a 1/2" caliper maple and then challenge an unsuspecting friend to pull up a 1/2" caliper oak.'</li>
<li>'Temperature really affects photosynthesis. Photosynthesis stops when temperatures reach over 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Photosynthesis moves into the interior of trees on hot days. You need leaves on the inside of a tree because of this. Do not clean the leaves out of the center of a tree!'</li>
<li>'Tree wounds spread less if that they occur in spring. They spread more severely in the fall.'</li>
<li>'Do not drain slime flux by drilling and inserting tubes as the holes open up new sites for disease spread.'</li>
<li>'Cut close to the tree collar, whether it is close to or far out from the trunk. Flush cuts create internal cracks.'</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Blue lines show where that the last saw cut should be made just outside of a branch collar on a Crapemyrtle tree in order to remove the branch.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">The saw cut made to remove this branch on a Goldenraintree (Koelreuteria paniculata) appears to have been a flush cut. Notice the decay inside of the wound and how little callus tissue has formed around the outside of the wound. Also, there is no bulge away from the tree trunk. The cut appears to have been made inside of the branch collar rather than outside of it.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">A dead branch was allowed to remain on this Sawtooth Oak (Quercus acutissima) a number of years before being removed. The edge of the callus tissue that is closest to the trunk is where that the cut should have been made at the time that the branch first died to remove it. The wound would have healed much faster. If no branch collar is visible which happens on some trees, the angle shown in this photo is generally a good angle to cut to remove a branch.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Excellent removal cut on a Goldenraintree (Koelreuteria paniculata) that was made just outside of the branch collar. If you cannot detect a branch collar, this is generally a good angle and distance away from the trunk to cut.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">A good removal cut was made on this Crabapple (Malus sp.) tree. The callus roll that forms the doughnut shaped ring around the wound appears to be very healthy and healing relatively quickly.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">This photo shows a branch collar on a Sugar Maple (Acer Saccharum) that has formed at a quite unusual angle. The blue lines show where that the recommended last cut be made in order to remove the branch. These blue lines are just outside of the branch collar. </span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Completely healed wound on a Crabapple (Malus sp.) tree.</span></div>
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<li>'Trees need a continuing supply of energy. Do not cut roots and the top both at the same time. Your are reducing the energy, either stored energy or future energy to be captured by the sun. Don't worry about trying to balance top and roots by pruning.' Independent <a href="http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/programs/nursery/metria/metria05/m52.pdf">research by prof. Carl Whitcomb of Oklahoma State University</a> backs this up. </li>
<li>Do not prune the top of a tree when planting, come back a year later and prune the top then if needed.</li>
<li>'Everytime that a sprout comes up, you have adversely affected the energy of the tree.' My comment is that the more branches you remove from a tree, the more likely you are to see adventitious sprouts form. That is not a good thing!</li>
<li>'Crabapples send up sprouts when planted too deeply.'</li>
<li>'Enthusiasm is infectious. Show customers how excited you are to be on their property helping them out.'</li>
<li>'Indeterminate type trees that are fertilized late will continue to grow and not have the chance to form up energy carbohydrates that will allow the apical bud to have enough energy to emerge the following spring.' This will cause the tips of twigs to die back.</li>
<li>'First buds of planetrees do not have enough energy to withstand anthracnose, while the secondary buds have more energy in the and are more resistant to anthracnose.'</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Anthracnose on Sycamore or American Planetree (Platanus occidentalis).</span></div>
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<li>Trees with thin bark such as birch, beech and planetrees can have photosynthesis occurring in the cortex of the tree. This means that in these kind of trees, photosynthesis can occur in the twigs, branches and trunks of young trees. These kind of trees can conduct photosynthesis on rare warm days in the winter. Do not wrap the trunks of these trees as you block the sun and interfere with the process of photosynthesis.</li>
<li>Some young trees with living cells in the center of the tree such as planetrees for example can live five to six years after being girdled. Most temperate zone trees do not have this capability.</li>
<li>'Over pruning of trees is done to let customers know that the arborist was there.'</li>
<li>'As trees get older, 90% of the pruning should come from dead wood.</li>
<li>'Planetree and Catalpa are good species for the practice of pollarding.' I wonder if Catalpa bignonioides 'Aurea' would make a good specimen or feature plant in the right location when pollarded. Pollarding would certainly allow it to grow in a much smaller area.</li>
<li>On the west coast of the USA, many people take out too much wood on trees past maturity which often yields the unwanted result of Armillaria root rot.</li>
<li>'Trees that do well in cities also tolerate wet soils. Baldcypress make good city trees.'</li>
<li>'You have one year after planting a tree too deep to pull the soil off of the top.' </li>
<li>'Burlap left in planting holes can last 20 years and will restrict root growth.' I have personally seen untreated burlap last as least 5 years in planting holes and certainly agree with Dr. Shigo that as much of it as you can remove should be removed before filling in the planting hole. </li>
<li>After removing the burlap on a tree root ball, cut off the bruised and torn roots cleanly.</li>
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<span style="font-size: small;">This landscape installation crew is removing the burlap and manila cords or rope after that the tree has been set in the hole and stabilized. Removing the burlap from trees when planting was one of Dr. Shigo's recommendations.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">The landscape installation crew is back filling the hole after removal of the burlap that covered the root ball of the tree.</span></div>
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<li>Do not apply nitrogen to a newly planted tree. Sucking insects come when too much of the energy reserves intended for defense are used up in growth.</li>
<li>Plant on a mound if you have a tight clay soil with poor drainage that does not support the growth of trees. </li>
<li>'Improper grafting causes sun cracks on most fruit trees, not winter cold.'</li>
<li>It is best not to use tree wrap on trees.</li>
<li>'Resistance to decay comes from within the plant which is why wound dressing does not work.'</li>
<li>Floods kill mycorrhizae which in turn leads to the death of obligatory trees (trees that rely totally on mycorrhizae). Those trees that do not require mycorrhizae can probably survive a flood.</li>
<li>Roto-tilling under the canopy of a tree is the worst thing that you can do to a tree. Piling soil around a tree is the next worst thing that you can do. These two comments by Shigo pretty much eliminate the possibility of being able to successfully grow most annual flowers underneath of the canopy of trees if you want to continue to have healthy trees.</li>
<li>Roto-tilling will open up many jagged wounds that will attract disease organisms.</li>
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The above was just a small fraction of the information that Dr. Shigo presented that day. He presented detailed support of his concepts, which for the most part I left out of my above notes. If any of the above information interests you, I would highly recommend that you visit his <a href="http://www.shigoandtrees.com/" target="_blank">official website</a> for more detailed information.<br />
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Dr. Shigo was a very generous man as he issued an open invitation to all attendees that day to visit him in his laboratory in New Hampshire. Dr. Shigo died on October 6, 2006. His passing was a huge loss to the forestry and horticulture communities. Fortunately, Dr. Shigo was someone willing to pass his information on to others and record it for future generations!</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-75883971167682293712012-04-24T13:52:00.006-04:002016-01-06T20:59:03.560-05:00Persian Lilac, a lilac diva from the past<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Persian Lilac blossoms</td></tr>
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There is nothing new about the Persian Lilac (Syringa x persica) as this hybrid may be a couple of centuries old or older. However, it is still one of the finest Lilacs of all time in my opinion. <br />
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On May 29, 1999, I had the opportunity to spend quite a bit of time examining the large lilac collection on display at the University of Minnesota's Minnesota Landscape Arboretum in Chanhassen, MN. Two lilacs in particular that impressed me from this amazing collection were Himalayan Lilac (Syringa emodi) and 'Miss Canada' Preston Lilac (Syringa x prestoniae 'Miss Canada'). I did not see a Persian Lilac. The Minnesota Landscape Arboretum is in USDA plant hardiness zone 4a, while our University of Maryland campus is in zone 7a. The Common Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) and its hybrids seem to perform much better in cool summer climates such as Minnesota; however, the Persian Lilac seems to perform quite well in Maryland in our much warmer summer climate. We may be hard pressed to grow attractive specimens of some of the beautiful lilacs that thrive so well in Minnesota; however, I feel that we can grow one of equivalent beauty and fragrance quite well, the Persian Lilac.<br />
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The Persian Lilac is more tolerant of adverse growing conditions than most other lilacs. Once established, it can tolerate the weather extremes of a volatile continental climate such as that in southeastern Kansas quite well. It can tolerate compacted, gravelly clay soils; however, it performs much better in good soils. Most mature sizes for the Persian Lilac that I see listed in reference books I think are for ones grown in unfavorable environments or ones that may not have actually reached maturity. While often Persian Lilac may get only 6 feet tall by 9 feet wide under poor growing conditions, in a favorable environment, it may get as large as 12 feet tall by 18 feet wide. An example of Persian Lilacs planted in a favorable environment is a long hedge of them that I once observed that was planted for screening along the south property line of the Lincoln Country Club in Lincoln, Nebraska. The climate, good soils, irrigation and full sun all came together to create some unusually large and vigorous Persian Lilacs.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Persian Lilac blossoms</td></tr>
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Persian Lilacs can be covered with fragrant violet to lavender colored blooms at a very young age. The flower petals open to a moderately intense violet color and then fade to a lighter pastel lavender color as they age. The strong fragrance of the flowers is a very attractive, not at all like the unattractive, overpowering Privet like fragrance of some lilacs or like other lilacs with barely any fragrance at all. The Persian Lilacs on our campus have a much stronger and more pleasant fragrance than the Common Lilacs on our campus. The small blossoms are organized in structures called panicles. The panicles are usually looser and more relaxed than the densely packed rigid panicles of Common Lilac. Sometimes these panicles of flowers can cover a Persian Lilac shrub so densely that it is hard to see the newly emerged foliage. The 5-6 inch panicles sometimes seem to fuse together to form much larger panicles around 12 inches in width. The flowers of Persian Lilacs are much more abundant under full sun conditions than under partial shade conditions. While Persian Lilac can tolerate and survive light shade, it produces very few blooms in shaded conditions and the few panicles that are produced are much smaller in size than under full sun conditions. While Common Lilac and its hybrids may be reluctant to bloom well or sometimes bloom at all in a number of environments, Persian Lilac is a much more dependable and prolific bloomer in many different environments. It also starts blooming well at a much younger age. <br />
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Persian Lilac is a sterile hybrid so there is no need for concern about it being an invasive plant material that will invade our native plant communities. There is not a lot of variation in individual plants since that they are produced vegetatively; however, I did notice minor variation in panicle size and density as well as a plants with panicles with relaxed droopy habits rather than upright habits in the long hedge at the Lincoln Country Club. The growth habit of a Persian Lilac is much more relaxed and graceful than the dense, rigid habit of the Common Lilac.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Persian Lilac blossoms</td></tr>
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They will tolerate much more abuse and neglect than most other Lilacs. Yes, you can shear them, cut them back to the ground and neglect to water them when established and usually no permanent damage will be done. If you feel that you must prune or shear them, I would recommend doing that immediately after they are finished flowering. If you plant them in an appropriate location, there should be little need for pruning Persian Lilacs. Minimal to no pruning should produce the best flower displays. Make sure that all pruning is completed by July 1 to allow time for next spring's flowers to form. The suckering on Persian Lilacs is usually fairly minor compared to the massive fields of suckers that usually come up around Common Lilacs. I have not observed that the few suckers on Persian Lilacs diminish the flowering habit. This is not the case with the suckers on Common Lilac. My experience has been that Persian Lilacs do not need the thinning out and renewal type of pruning to bloom well that Common Lilacs need. You can do that if you love pruning; however, I don't think it will make a large difference to a Persian Lilacs health and amount of blooms like that it can on a Common Lilac.<br />
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Common Lilacs and other Lilacs can be devastated by an insect known as the Lilac Borer. This is a bigger problem in the southern limits of where that Lilacs can grow as they are not as vigorous there and are not as likely to be able to fend off attacks by the Lilac Borer. The slender stems and branches of the Persian Lilac are much more resistant to the Lilac Borer than the larger and thicker stems and branches of the Common Lilac. The leaves on the Persian Lilac are much smaller than on the Common Lilac.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Persian Lilac growing in partial shade on the south side of Carroll Hall. Persian Lilacs will be much denser and have many more blooms in a sunny location.</td></tr>
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Lilacs are very susceptible to powdery mildew on the leaves. While powdery mildew can occur on Persian Lilacs in summer and create an unattractive whitish powdery coating over the leaves, it is usually not such a serious problem that is causes near total defoliation like that often happens on Common Lilacs. The near total defoliation of Common Lilacs can impact their health in a negative way as they cannot produce the necessary food for good health without their leaves.<br />
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Persian Lilacs may be hard to find at local nurseries as there has been a very limited demand for them in recent decades. One nursery near our campus that often has a limited number of Persian Lilacs available in 3 gallon pots in the early and mid spring time period is the Behnke Nurseries Company, 11300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705, (301) 937-1100. Merrifeld Garden Center, 8132 Lee Hwy, Merrifield, VA 22116, (703) 560-6222 carries Persian Lilacs in two different sizes. If you are a local retail nursery located within 50 miles of our campus and carry Persian Lilac, please let me know and I will add your nursery's contact information to this article.<br />
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While I have not tried the 'Miss Canada' Preston Lilac (Syringa x prestoniae 'Miss Canada') mentioned at the start of this article; Miri Talabac, Woody Plant Manager, with The Behnke Nurseries Company said that it does much better in our College Park, MD area than that the Common Lilac (Syringa vulgaris) and its hybrids do.<br />
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Persian Lilacs remind me of Azaleas in that they have a brief moment of glory when in bloom; however, they are relatively nondescript plants after that. For some of us, once you have experienced the wonderful fragrance of Persian Lilacs and realize how easy that their care is, it easy to say 'Hello Sustainable Persian Lilacs,' and 'Goodbye High Maintenance Azaleas' that do not provide additional benefits like fragrance. Persian Lilacs are often best used in large backyards, community property or public parks. They would make a great screen for the small rusted metal tool and equipment shed located in the far corner of the backyard. The smaller Dwarf Korean Lilac (Syringa meyeri 'Palibin) is a much more attractive landscape shrub for high profile areas such as front yards or adjacent to a patio; however, the blooms and panicles are much smaller and do not have the same wonderful fragrance of the Persian Lilac.<br />
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The flower panicles of Persian Lilacs can make great short lived cut flower arrangements. No need to spray that fake scent in a spray can that florists often have to use with many cut roses and carnations as Persian Lilac flowers come with an awesome fragrance that is strong, but not overpowering. No need for scented candles when the Persian Lilacs are in bloom.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Persian Lilacs as a sheared hedge in partial shade on the South side of Cole Field House. The partial shade and the shearing has reduced the number of flowers to just a handful on these three plants.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">closeup shot of the above sheared lilac hedge</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">close-up of blossoms on the top of the above sheared Persian Lilac hedge</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">close-up of blossoms on the side of the above sheared Persian Lilac hedge</td></tr>
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Persian Lilacs are such tough and durable plants once established that they make good plants for cemeteries and other areas where that maintenance is often minimal. They make a good plant for areas that are not irrigated once established. Sometimes you can spot them in rural areas along the side of a road or in an abandoned farm yard where that they were once planted by people long ago. The sight of the lilacs brings thoughts and questions about who were these people that planted these lilacs? What was their story? Often, you see Persian Lilacs growing in shady locations. I feel that these locations were probably sunny when the Persian Lilacs were first planted. Because of their durability and longevity, they often survive the transition from sun to light shade as trees grow. The Persian Lilac is a plant that deserves to be brought out of the shadows of the past.<br />
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One of the good memories of my youth was experiencing a recycled decorative glass Tang drink mix container filled with water and fragrant Persian Lilac flowers that was set in the middle of the well worn gray faux wood grain Formica dining table. I loved breathing deep to try to more fully experience the wonderful aroma from the Lilac flowers.<br />
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<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com5South side of Carroll Hall, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA38.98388190795999 -76.945667266845738.982338907959992 -76.9481347668457 38.985424907959988 -76.943199766845709tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-13549936337137804892012-02-14T12:41:00.002-05:002012-05-01T23:06:58.620-04:00Just for Fun!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">February is often a month of cutting back and pruning plants for those of us with landscapes and gardens to maintain. The landscape is generally pretty drab with muted colors this time of year. There are exceptions of course such as the attractive reddish colors of 'Firepower' Heavenly Bamboo (Nandina domestica 'Firepower').</span><br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">'Firepower' Heavenly Bamboo on February 12, 2012</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Benjamin Courtyard Garden on July 26, 2012</td></tr>
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In February, landscapes that were ablaze with colorful leaves and flowers last summer are just mere vestiges of their summer glory. The colorful, exuberant late July garden becomes a much more monochromatic, sedate garden in February.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Benjamin Courtyard Garden on February 12, 2012</td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pampas Grass on January 5, 2012</td></tr>
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While the Pampas Grass (Cortedaria selloana) still looked fairly attractive on January 5th of this year, it was definitely taking a beating from the weather by the first part of February. We tried using a pair of light weight, high quality hedge shears to trim off the unattractive ends of the Pampas Grass leaves. This left a relatively stiff, bottle brush type of appearance to the plants. <br />
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Growing up in Kansas, one of the heartland states that has the largest remnant of the United States once vast prairies, I was familiar with a plant called <a href="http://www.dogpile.com/info.dogpl/search/images?fcoid=417&fcop=topnav&fpid=27&q=Eryngium+leavenworthii&ql=">Leavenworth Eryngium</a>. The flower/seed head of this prairie plant is shaped like a bottle brush or miniature pineapple and is colored a fabulous intense dark purple color during a certain stage of its life cycle. The trimmed Pampas Grass had a similar texture and shape, although on a much larger and grander scale. It seemed a natural to me to color the Pampas Grass a dark purple as a personal tribute to this wonderful western plant. To this day, I still remember the exact location of my first encounter with Leavenworth Eryngium on a hillside with a spectacular view of the valley below on the former Fletcher ranch in the Osage cuestas of Kansas.<br />
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We secured permissions and support to go ahead with my plan to paint the trimmed Pampas Grass a dark purple color, although there were certainly plenty of questions such as 'Why do you want to do that?', 'Why purple?' and 'Is that normal?' and the restriction of making sure that it was not the school color of a competitor of the Terps sports teams that we would be playing. Luckily, Leavenworth Eryngium purple was not Duke blue; however, I still not convinced that a sports team or school can own a color that plants such as Leavenworth Eryngium have owned for millions of years.<br />
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In our climate, the Pampas Grass and the 'Sweet Caroline' Hardy Hibiscus that was painted the light purple color are both perennials. The above ground portions of these plants die back during the winter; however, they will send up new shoots from the base of the plants as the weather warms up in late spring. We will cut these plants back to the ground in just a few weeks to allow for the new growth to emerge unimpeded by last years growth. The bright colors will be dramatic, but a short lived experience.<br />
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</></></></></></></></></></></></></></></></></></></></><td class="tr-caption" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: center;">More pictures of the purple Pampas Grass can be seen in a <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/sets/72157629286840477/">Flickr photo album</a>. </td><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><> <div>
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Hopefully the dichotomy of the painted plants and the nearby natural plants will spark an interest and questions from some of those that walk through, but yet often don't see the landscape. We are hoping that this unexpected landscape will brighten someone's day during the short cold days of winter, much as a smile or shared laughter can warm the heart. If not, at least we had fun painting the Pampas Grass purple!<br />
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<br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>Sam Bahr, UMD Horticulturisthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06294259912532796001noreply@blogger.com0Tawes Plaza, University of Maryland - College Park, College Park, MD 20740, USA38.985841726942191 -76.94746971130371138.985070226942192 -76.948703711303708 38.98661322694219 -76.946235711303714tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-68122837329207127202011-12-15T14:26:00.037-05:002012-05-01T23:12:13.643-04:00Blooms of a Different Nature<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>Temporary student art project installation on 12/14/11 in the West Courtyard Garden behind the Benjamin Building.</em></span></td></tr>
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This time of year, we often have blooms of a different nature spontaneously sprouting up around and near the Art/Sociology Building. At the end of the fall semester, final art projects are due and many of them are placed outdoors. They suddenly magically appear overnight like ephemeral flowers, often bringing beauty and freshness to our campus landscape at a time when it appears somewhat dreary as most trees and shrubs have lost their leaves in preparation for winter and even the late fall blooming plants are well past their prime.<br />
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While the majority of the student projects appear to be conceived without thought as to how that they will be integrated into the existing landscape, the artist of this installation in the West Courtyard Garden at the Benjamin Building appears to have given quite a bit of thought to this issue. This site appears to be an integral part of this project. The narrow triangular form between the two sidewalks is repeated in the narrow triangular form between the legs of the wooden tripod and in the adjacent wire cloth cone. The triangle formed on the top edge of the red brick Maryland 'M' decoration in the middle of the patio is emphasized with a triangle of carefully placed mulch on the square and wood frame placed over the circle in the middle of the patio.<br />
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The use of the square over a circle on the patio reminded me of a simplification of the complex circle and square motif decorating the front of American architect Louis Sullivan's <a href="http://www.galenfrysinger.com/iowa_grinnell_merchants_bank.htm">Jewel Box</a> in Grinnell, Iowa. The Jewel Box is a bank that Sullivan designed that is still in operation as a bank to this day. It is well worth a side trip if you are traveling along I-80 in Iowa. Be aware of short lobby hours as I think they closed the lobby at 2:30 pm the day we were there. Even though we arrived after the lobby was closed, an older, kind hearted gentleman from Grinnell came to our rescue. He told us that he banked there and then proceeded to pound on the side door so hard that the staff inside could not ignore him. They opened the door for us and we were allowed to enter the bank from the new addition behind the Jewel Box. <br />
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It appeared like any other bank until we reached the Sullivan designed part of the bank that had been preserved in its original condition and included the original check writing desks designed by Sullivan in the lobby. My jaw dropped and my mouth was hanging open in disbelief at the beauty before me. The feeling was very similar to a deeply moving religious experience. The black and white pictures that I had seen of the exterior years ago did nothing to prepare me for the beauty of the interior with its fine woodwork, incredible light fixtures, wall of stained glass windows behind the cashiers and overhead skylights etc. It was a work of fine art that you could walk through and be totally immersed within. It is wonderful that this building and its contents have been preserved for us all to enjoy. I can't think of many buildings built in recent decades that will stand up to the test of time and still be so beautiful so many years after that they were first built. BBC Scotland has an excellent video on man's pursuit of beauty and <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RiajXQUppYY">why beauty matters</a>.<br />
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The extensive use of white in the above student project also reminded me of one of my favorite artists, <a href="http://www.studio-international.co.uk/sculpture/nevelson.asp">Louise Nevelson</a>. Louise used white almost exclusively in many of her projects during a certain period in her career. She was quite an insightful person as you can see in her wonderful quote below.<br />
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<em>When people lose their center, they go in for material things. But they can come back to it, sometimes with a difference, and sometimes they blossom more. I think we all fall, but some of us have something that we pick ourselves up and go on, to greater things, and I think the difference between not going on and going on is where life really fulfills itself. Life isn't one straight line. Never. Most of us have to be transplanted to the proper environment, like a tree, before that we blossom. -Artist, Louis Nevelson</em><br />
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I am betting money, marbles and chalk that the artist that designed and installed the project in the West Courtyard Garden at the Benjamin Building was not inspired by the things that I was reminded of, when that I viewed the artist's work. However, I think good art sparks the imagination and psyche of the viewer in a positive manner, even if that it was not in the way that the artist intended.<br />
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Below are some photographs of other student projects that caught my eye on Wednesday, December 14, 2011. One picture was taken at an earlier date and it is noted in the caption. We have photographs of some of the previous student art project/sculptures included in a <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/umdarboretumandbotanicalgarden/sets/72157624496689708/">Flickr photo album</a> of campus art work and fountains. <br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The above two photos were taken on the upper end of Mayer Mall near Preinkert Field House.</em></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The above photo was taken in the courtyard area East of the Art/Sociology Building.</em></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The above photo was taken on the South side of the Architecture Building.</em></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUMNV04gDg-1VRoZONAPArHKbG07YKHBtYwFF_dNtKvxHLyZ8FO0rWSMqMxkYbaFIbH13UGD57y5qkWS944B1iKbgaU0mWsw9Fmu9DSOuSsqYhQZGBa11wPKoF4k6A-3fmEbAyUZOe-CqD/s1600/DSC_0835.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="640" oda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUMNV04gDg-1VRoZONAPArHKbG07YKHBtYwFF_dNtKvxHLyZ8FO0rWSMqMxkYbaFIbH13UGD57y5qkWS944B1iKbgaU0mWsw9Fmu9DSOuSsqYhQZGBa11wPKoF4k6A-3fmEbAyUZOe-CqD/s640/DSC_0835.JPG" width="425" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The above 5 photos were taken on the pedestrian bridge on the North side of the Architecture Building.</em></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_SEtRSQDftDH2gRJwZ10sm8POEqsf0SRQALs96T-CQCBQFuKIiBoqgijoyiBepq_trXCXr_y5RshX918d0SPhsmeJckg8nxoDXJxKFagPN4cOOdCIl7FgukV-4H1pz47DkGdNtUvRBp0g/s1600/DSC_0271.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><em><img border="0" height="640" oda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_SEtRSQDftDH2gRJwZ10sm8POEqsf0SRQALs96T-CQCBQFuKIiBoqgijoyiBepq_trXCXr_y5RshX918d0SPhsmeJckg8nxoDXJxKFagPN4cOOdCIl7FgukV-4H1pz47DkGdNtUvRBp0g/s640/DSC_0271.JPG" width="424" /></em></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The photo of this wispy creation was taken on December 5, 2011 on Tawes Plaza, just North of the Art/Sociology Building.</em></span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdmsWmktzyz2zNf8Ush61k9v9yyijClzYFz19i3n2HpWRQMPFP1Oymj132agA7zUi60w3Z_1Hd7r_MkgOIWzqNbCDT0nCe4G12SnVOwiwIGsobzN-fQcMDPYMs1R5zNSKMgU1FeV537GgP/s1600/DSC_0604.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><em><img border="0" height="640" oda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdmsWmktzyz2zNf8Ush61k9v9yyijClzYFz19i3n2HpWRQMPFP1Oymj132agA7zUi60w3Z_1Hd7r_MkgOIWzqNbCDT0nCe4G12SnVOwiwIGsobzN-fQcMDPYMs1R5zNSKMgU1FeV537GgP/s640/DSC_0604.JPG" width="424" /></em></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><em>The above three photos were taken at a construction site where that a retaining wall is being reconstructed Northwest of the Art/Sociology Building. </em></span></td></tr>
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The metal sculpture above reminds me of a wind tossed Hare's Foot Fern (<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHPePZKJQiBDqi29aE19zNXZK-VBdWAREMZchCRrUeIqMlCyWD5iK8EUJBvx-s33ULN_tMpe4hRTaHfEpNdW7awVcGGAiKmBxoXMYBvGf40rdKRTFI7YTG_6WdPFJP4zd0YpQztZ3Umk4/s1600/DSCN9737.JPG">Phlebodium aureum</a>) as well as other plants.<br />
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We are lucky to have these projects that spark our imaginations suddenly appear, to be able to live in the moment with them and enjoy them in our landscape, even though like blossoms, they may be gone tomorrow.<br />
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Sam Bahr, author and photographer</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>UMD Arboretum and Botanical Garden, Blogger Administratorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14812984440289687010noreply@blogger.com4Art - Sociology Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA38.985325099385669 -76.94727945907743638.972101599385667 -76.963156959077438 38.998548599385671 -76.931401959077434tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-36484156691758427222011-12-07T17:49:00.009-05:002012-05-01T23:15:30.261-04:00Maryland Blooms in December<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbXEhR4ZmeTemav6f95JmmmoyghW8m3C8DGieD1XtrhqgLLLOR2drJ8kzC1Q0X8AF7OmN9B7rnXxb5kBaXqJx1T-nMYFJM9LGVJgVUEsy5MvTikGV69HpTFD_EJgSiKBw8omcsytvsxfHQ/s1600/DSC_0125.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="424" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbXEhR4ZmeTemav6f95JmmmoyghW8m3C8DGieD1XtrhqgLLLOR2drJ8kzC1Q0X8AF7OmN9B7rnXxb5kBaXqJx1T-nMYFJM9LGVJgVUEsy5MvTikGV69HpTFD_EJgSiKBw8omcsytvsxfHQ/s640/DSC_0125.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Blue Heaven Sorbet Violas</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This late fall and early winter have been warmer than usual, without any of the extreme cold snaps that usually discourage or eliminate flowering on almost all plants. To be fair, many plants were not blooming; however, there were a larger than normal number of plants that were still blooming on Monday, December 5, 2011 when that these pictures were taken.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Violas and Pansies are known for blooming well in cool weather; however, they are in the minority of plants that are usually still blooming on December 5 in our area. Some years, even Violas and Pansies are looking pretty sorry by this late date.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">We decided to try some of the Sorbet series of Violas this year as last fall, winter and spring, I drove by a planting of the Sorbet Violas that seemed to look better than any of the Pansies that we had planted on campus. Hopefully, my observations won't prove to be a case of the grass always looks greener on the other side of the fence. So far, the Blue Heaven Sorbet Viola and Yellow Delight Viola are performing admirably near the Clock Tower by Van Munching Hall. While I am not fond of the screaming yellow, visible from the space shuttle, color of the Yellow Delight Sorbet Viola, I am a big fan of its wonderfully sweet fragrance on warm afternoons. The Blue Heaven does not seem to be fragrant.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Yellow Delight Sorbet Viola</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbnyzbz9i1zAxMCzWqwRAlWmIrRy4eKTbQIGms6cQKi8Z9QWXQ0sQUdCcJEx8C1AFiFX4ZD_stzeORp7KZVGvI0yWjUef9pEQu8CdU1OD2k2v3kFIM-dGs7NLakYJu4POOwxp-Qox74cwp/s1600/DSC_0119+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="327" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbnyzbz9i1zAxMCzWqwRAlWmIrRy4eKTbQIGms6cQKi8Z9QWXQ0sQUdCcJEx8C1AFiFX4ZD_stzeORp7KZVGvI0yWjUef9pEQu8CdU1OD2k2v3kFIM-dGs7NLakYJu4POOwxp-Qox74cwp/s400/DSC_0119+C.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Holly Osmanthus</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Some of the Holly Osmanthus were still blooming on Monday, however, I did not detect any of the strong fragrance that is usually associated with their tiny blossoms.</span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Otto Luyken' Cherry Laurel</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Knock Out Roses and Sorbet Plum Velvet Violas</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Knock Out Rose</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXaMav8EvW-2r-e6D8bHo2GizaTT2Q-LjFnlXNdsMZQOvSCRqUgHGo2bE0inqjrfP-VZAk1j8RsM_Tm029V2yHbVWPO_CF0wNRQZJSVY9WRiOXJPr06n5fQsXSmyfhot3nS6aC-r69QbJx/s1600/DSC_0165+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="545" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXaMav8EvW-2r-e6D8bHo2GizaTT2Q-LjFnlXNdsMZQOvSCRqUgHGo2bE0inqjrfP-VZAk1j8RsM_Tm029V2yHbVWPO_CF0wNRQZJSVY9WRiOXJPr06n5fQsXSmyfhot3nS6aC-r69QbJx/s640/DSC_0165+C.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Pink Double Knock Out Rose</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR4Ol0Y1u63JmCXFEcONOyA-AKW9U7o4tgaXRNa44m3qlHHA9Cm2YvLNlsjdw97pEmThgnFnVKJslJbt7xXsGdvTdPR8lw47tgWvGpC2Klhdjb4LYh5sTX0fKNFGT6DSH64GwGxBePA3cV/s1600/DSC_0293.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="424" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiR4Ol0Y1u63JmCXFEcONOyA-AKW9U7o4tgaXRNa44m3qlHHA9Cm2YvLNlsjdw97pEmThgnFnVKJslJbt7xXsGdvTdPR8lw47tgWvGpC2Klhdjb4LYh5sTX0fKNFGT6DSH64GwGxBePA3cV/s640/DSC_0293.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">White Out Rose</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">White Out Roses and Pampas Grass</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Knock Out hardy shrub rose series and other hardy shrub roses bred by rose breeder Bill Radler have performed very well for us in College Park, MD. In most of the locations on campus where we have these hardy shrub roses planted, we cut them back every year because of height concerns. However, if you plan ahead and site them properly, you do not need to cut them back every year and can let them get quite large. Most of Bill's roses have proven to be far more disease resistant than other shrub roses that have been given a lot of press as being disease resistant. </span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Unknown Camellia Cultivar</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeF9eCzQzZOyAUxGWr9sR4wL0Lx_ssGYtk9031z64UqoxPkytYxTq3HHDNK5TYBMKwQCO6jQ5X2J9a_JAImovNQDJdzxBrwXIZTLzlFm9nj-ncoFY4Zjxu6FqbxvBS8kFx2hEBxxDSKMnt/s1600/DSC_0281+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="400" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeF9eCzQzZOyAUxGWr9sR4wL0Lx_ssGYtk9031z64UqoxPkytYxTq3HHDNK5TYBMKwQCO6jQ5X2J9a_JAImovNQDJdzxBrwXIZTLzlFm9nj-ncoFY4Zjxu6FqbxvBS8kFx2hEBxxDSKMnt/s400/DSC_0281+C.jpg" width="381" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Winter's Snowman' Camellia</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Winter's Snowman' Camellia</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Winter's Snowman' Camellia (Camellia x 'Winter's Snowman') is from the Ice Angels series of Camellias. It is a complex hybrid cross made by Dr. William Ackerman of the National Arboretum in Washington, DC that was bred and selected for cold hardiness. Some refer to 'Winter's Snowman' Camellia as the "Telephone Pole" Camellia because of it's narrow habit. This fall blooming Camellia usually starts blooming for us around October 29.</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Six Hills Giant' Catnip</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">'Dropmore Scarlet' Honeysuckle</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ3gmJqNz1QtzzjMhyphenhyphen3d4nOVn9TSrS_AqD48KPQuTURVwb2xGrhTsVQhI6T9r3lsjx7DuOF0mSPzM4nH_lXF9RWKnYBpjbRhcXn08el8sTL5B-coVQvf4qe57NFrxSbdrzz8DKmXKsSgEF/s1600/DSC_0419+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; cssfloat: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="331" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ3gmJqNz1QtzzjMhyphenhyphen3d4nOVn9TSrS_AqD48KPQuTURVwb2xGrhTsVQhI6T9r3lsjx7DuOF0mSPzM4nH_lXF9RWKnYBpjbRhcXn08el8sTL5B-coVQvf4qe57NFrxSbdrzz8DKmXKsSgEF/s400/DSC_0419+C.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Glossy Abelia</span></td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcWuQcKSpqtr1jtpHJrI23P-gCMqXuQGXQD0Tnck2u4vhgm2Bs0HawwaYWvMV7rvOmG5bKToGABsFzT9QPpUu3NWLCEHYdz7Iu8ysQZN1RkeWMKrXZcTbaj6ti1oY2OUCno3AjfmKMz2NO/s1600/DSC_0415+C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="536" mda="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcWuQcKSpqtr1jtpHJrI23P-gCMqXuQGXQD0Tnck2u4vhgm2Bs0HawwaYWvMV7rvOmG5bKToGABsFzT9QPpUu3NWLCEHYdz7Iu8ysQZN1RkeWMKrXZcTbaj6ti1oY2OUCno3AjfmKMz2NO/s640/DSC_0415+C.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Leadwort or Plumbago</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: small;">Sam Bahr, author and photographer</span></td></tr>
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</div><div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>UMD Arboretum and Botanical Garden, Blogger Administratorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14812984440289687010noreply@blogger.com2Clock Tower on Mayer Mall, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA38.982224016044533 -76.94647996581538.969000516044531 -76.962357465815 38.995447516044536 -76.930602465815tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1685518857873790147.post-45081517632564381062011-12-06T14:21:00.005-05:002015-09-10T09:47:40.097-04:00Pinching of 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="" class="fbPhotoImage img" src="http://a5.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc6/254290_194703507246477_130572316992930_591272_5637720_n.jpg" id="fbPhotoImage" /><br /><em>The above photo was taken immediately after the second pinching on 6/7/11.</em><br /><br />'Lord Baltimore' hibiscus is a big and fast growing hardy hibiscus with indeterminate growth. It has very large, dramatic, single dark red blossoms. It is sterile and does not form seed pods after it blooms. This helps to keep it blooming up until the time that frost first hits.<br /><br />Under good growing conditions in late spring and early summer, 'Lord Baltimore' may grow so fast that it's stems do not have time to develope enough strength to hold themselves upright. The stems rarely branch and the resulting appearance can be quite open and gangly. Pinching the new growth back in a timely manner can help reduce both of these problems and create a much more attractive plant with many more stems and blooms. Pinching or heading back the shoots is best accomplished with a quality bypass hand pruner.<br /> <br />The plant in the photo above was first pinched on 5/23/11 and received its second and final pinching on 6/7/11. The first pinch was made when that the shoots were between 26 and 35 inches long. About 11 inches was removed. The second pinch was made when that the shoots were between 39 and 47 inches long. About 11 inches was removed.<br /> <br />The blooms may be delayed somewhat by pinching; however, under favorable growing conditions, 'Lord Baltimore' will still get 6 feet tall by 12 feet wide by early fall. The 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus that received the two pinchings described above started blooming on 7/7/11. The last picture below shows a 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus plant with 50 open flowers on July 26, 2011 after two earlier pinchings. The blooms are somewhat smaller when you have this many flowers open at once; however, I feel that the plant is much more attractive.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">July 12, 2012 update to the above article: We had an unusually warm winter and spring this year which contributed to earlier growth and flowering than in 2011. This year, after two pinchings, 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus had its peak or maximum number of blooms open on July 10, 2012 with over 40 blossoms open per plant. This is 16 days earlier than the peak or maximum number of blooms open in one day for 2011. This is the same date that another cultivar, 'Sweet Caroline' Hibiscus that was not pinched, reached its peak or maximum number of blooms open in one day. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://a8.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc6/255031_194719113911583_130572316992930_591358_4345860_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: In late October after leaves had dropped, it is very easy to see where that the pinching or heading back cut was made.</em><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://a7.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/249466_194719957244832_130572316992930_591360_4120163_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: July 13 blooms after one pinching in late May.</em><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://a1.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/260556_194720217244806_130572316992930_591361_6406579_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: July 13 blooms after one pinching in late May.</em><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://hphotos-sjc1.fbcdn.net/hphotos-snc6/253646_194722137244614_130572316992930_591363_7026860_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: July 13 blooms after one pinching in late May.</em><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://a5.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/271183_204798676236960_130572316992930_637616_4046129_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: July 10 blooms after two pinchings as described in the article above.</em><br />
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<img alt="" class="photo_img img" src="http://a2.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc6/281851_213267948723366_130572316992930_673461_7495251_n.jpg" /><br />
<em>Above: July 26, this 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus plant had 50 blossoms open on this date after two earlier pinchings.</em><br />
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More information on 'Lord Baltimore' Hibiscus: <a href="http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/bloom/archive/featuredPlant03.html">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/bloom/archive/featuredPlant03.html</a><br />
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author, Sam Bahr </div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">http://www.arboretum.umd.edu/</div>UMD Arboretum and Botanical Garden, Blogger Administratorhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14812984440289687010noreply@blogger.com7West Courtyard Garden at the Benjamin Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA38.986696181544133 -76.94753407395785438.973472681544131 -76.963411573957856 38.999919681544135 -76.931656573957852